Clients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) often engage in non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behavior; many clients also report chronic thoughts of suicide and non-fatal attempts of suicide. Treatment of clients with borderline personality disorder can be complex. Consider the following:

1. Define NSSI behavior.
2. Discuss how the psychiatric mental health nurse practitioner (PMHNP) differentiates between NSSI and suicide attempts.
3. Discuss evidence-based therapy for BPD. How does therapy interrupt the patterns of NSSI and suicidality?
4. What specific ethical and clinical challenges might the clinician face when treating clients with BPD who are suicidal?

Please provide references from scholarly articles that are less than 5 years