< Common-Size Financial Statement Analysis Using Excel Completing this activity will help you learn to: 1. create Excel formulas using cell references. 2. create absolute cell references to perform calculations efficiently and correctly. 3. apply conditional formatting to highlight cells based on criteria that you specify. Case scenario: You are working at a small business that has been mostly stable. You want to analyze the financial statements of the past five years to examine the trends over time and compare the percentages of income statement items relative to overall sales. You also want to highlight cells according to whether the calculated ratio increases or decreases more than a specified amount. Required: Download spreadsheet CommonSizeCaseData-31da7b.xlsx You will build a spreadsheet that performs common-size analysis using five years of a company's income statements. Specifically, you will create two sheets within the workbook, one for the horizontal analysis and one for the vertical analysis. Further, you will use conditional formatting to visually differentiate between cells that reflect increases and cells that reflect decreases over a specified percentage. < HINT: STEP-BY-STEP WALKTHROUGH 1. Horizontal analysis: Create a new sheet within your Excel workbook that you will use to perform the horizontal analysis, comparing each year's income statement item to its corresponding item in year 1. Copy column A from the Financial Statement Data sheet to Column A in your new sheet. Also copy the information in row 1 to row 1 in your new sheet so that the basic structure of the table will be the same in the new sheet but it will have no data. a. Now create formulas in your new sheet using the data in the Financial Statement Data sheet that will reflect the correct percentages as described in the previous question. Instead of creating every formula one by one, how could you create just one formula in cell B2 that can be copied and pasted to all cells? Note that there are negative values in the Financial Statement Data sheet. Choose the correct formula. I. 'Financial Statement Data'!$82/'Financial Statement Data'182 II. 'Financial Statement Data'!B2/"Financial Statement Data'!$82 III. 'Financial Statement Data'!B2/'Financial Statement Data'!B$2 IV. 'Financial Statement Data'!B2/"Financial Statement Data'!$B$2 II- Line Items Net Sales Less: Cost of Goods Sold Gross Margin Less: Operating Expenses Less: Taxes Net Income Year 1 Year 2 $200,000.00 $180,000.00 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 $200,000.00 $220,000.00 $250,000.00 ($100,000.00) ($90,500.00) ($100,500.00) ($100,000.00) ($120,000.00) $0.00 ($50,000.00) ($55,000.00) $0.00 $0.00 ($60,000.00) $0.00 ($65,000.00) $0.00 ($70,000.00) ($16,000.00) $0.00 ($14,400.00) $0.00 ($16,000.00) $0.00 ($17,000.00) ($20,000.00) $0.00 $0.00 b. Again, copy and paste that one formula to all the relevant cells in your new sheet. Round your answers to two decimal places. Enter all percentages as positive numbers. Line Items Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 % % % % % Net Sales Less: Cost of Goods Sold % % % % % 98 % % % % % Gross Margin Less: Operating Expenses: Less: Taxes Net Income *** % % % % % % % % % 99% %% % % % Case Study Chapter 17 3. Conditional formatting: You want to show the increases and decreases with visually different colors. Apply the following conditional formatting to your horizontal analysis sheet: For the cells that have an increase of more than 105 percent, use a yellow fill with dark yellow text. For cells that have a decrease of less than 95 percent, use a light red fill with dark red text. Choose the table with the correct conditional formatting. B C D 1 Line Items Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 1 Line Items 2 Net Sales 2 Net Sales 3 Less: Cost of Goods Sold 4 Gross Margin 3 Less: Cost of Goods Sold 4 Gross Margin 5 Less: Operating Expenses 6 Less: Taxes 7 Net Income 5 Less: Operating Expenses 6 Less: Taxes 7 Net Income Year 1 B 1 Line Items Year 1 Year 2 D Year 3 F IV. A Year 4 Year 5 1 Line Items Year 1 2 Net Sales 2 Net Sales 3 Less: Cost of Goods Sold 3 Less: Cost of Goods Sold 4 Gross Margin 5 Less: Operating Expenses 6 Less: Taxes 7 Net Income 4 Gross Margin 5 Less: Operating Expenses 6 Less: Taxes 7 Net Income 4. Explain the use of the common size financial statements. If you were a manager, which area would require further analysis? The input in the box below will not be graded, but may be reviewed and considered by your instructor