Comparison chart After studying the information provided and the suggested resources, elaborate a comparative table of the following types of groups: Socio-educational/ psychoeducational group Therapeutic group Support group Task-oriented group Social action group The comparative table will explain: Definition Approaches Purpose Implications in group development Main exponents in each group. Differences between different groups

(Please, include at least 2 academic sources as references)

Group types and dynamics: intermediate phases 1. Stages of development of the group. In 1965, Bruce Tuckman, a renowned American educational psychologist, after observing the behavior of various group environments in different fields, described for the first time in his article "Sequence of development in small groups" four stages through which these groups go through before reaching their highest level. effectiveness. Later in 1977 he, together with Mary Ann Jensen, redefined his theory and added a fifth phase, becoming since then one of the most used models to understand this process, often unconscious, that groups go through. I. Types of groups. The definition of a group varies somewhat among the various authors. Darvelio's enunciation seems quite complete to me, he defines a group as the more or less permanent meeting of several people who interact and influence each other, in order to achieve common goals, where all members recognize themselves as members belonging to the group. and they govern their conduct based on a series of norms and values that all have created or modified. There are numerous criteria that have been taken into account to classify the groups. There are a large number of classifications carried out and it is not possible to point out one that completely satisfies all groups, hence they are all useful for this purpose. Today we are going to analyze only some of them. Primary and secondary groups: o Primary: They are small groups of frequent intimate and emotional interaction. Its members are aware of their belonging to it. The first primary group in our life is the family. o Secondary: They are more numerous and their members can change easily. Relationships are impersonal without affective bonding. Formal and informal groups o Formal: They define the structure of the organization and are assigned specific objectives directed towards the goals of the institution. There are certain rules and regulations established before entering. It does not take individualities into account, but tends to overcrowd, generating a certain tension. o Informal: They are not based on regulations. They are alliances that are created spontaneously by everyday relationships and that arise in response to the need for social contact of individuals. They act freely and allow the development of individuality. These in turn can be subdivided. Within the formal we have: o Command groups: They are determined based on the organization chart of the institution and respond to chains of command established in descending order. o Task groups: They are also formed determined by the organization with the aim of carrying out specific tasks. The Informals for their part are subdivided into: o Interest groups: Members who do not belong to a single command or task group can associate to achieve a goal of common interest. o Friendship groups: They are created because their members share common characteristics that favor their interaction. Homogeneous and heterogeneous groups - o Homogeneous: Homo = Same. Among its members are the same or similar elements such as age, sex, tastes, interest, etc. o Heterogeneous: Hete = Unequal. They are formed despite the fact that the elements named above are diverse. Open and closed groups - o Open: It is flexible. Its members have full freedom to enter, attend or leave the group at any time. o Closed: Their access is restricted and many times criteria are established that must be met before allowing entry or exit. It is resistant to change.

Taking into account its durability we find: o Permanent groups: They are durable over time and remain. o Temporary groups: Your relationship ends when the proposed objective is reached. Depending on its structure we have: o Autocratic: Decisions are made by a single person or a small select group on behalf of all its members. o Permissive: The leader is only in name since he does not really coordinate or guide the group, producing disorder and anarchy. This is one of the worst management styles, it produces inefficiency. o Paternalists: The leader is the center of everything which forges a great dependency on him. He treats the members as if they are inferior in rank compared to him, which is why he ignores his criteria, underestimating and wasting the full potential of the group. Productivity is based on what the leader expects of each member. o Democratic: Responsibilities and tasks are distributed among all members of the group. The election of the leader and the subsequent decisions are taken jointly, which causes their dynamics to be slower as they are based on consensus. According to the end: o Of a function: Its intention is to solve a specific problem for a certain time. o Interfunctional or Multidisciplinary: Destined to fulfill multiple functions. Its members have diverse academic backgrounds and different professional experiences. For its formative motivation: o Natural: Its conformation occurs spontaneously motivated by homogeneous parameters. o Artificial: It mediates the obligatory nature of its membership and there is an external regulatory control. Taking into account its purpose: o Personal growth: They provide the opportunity to share daily life experiences with other people, in an environment of support, acceptance, security and confidentiality. Treatment, recreation, discussion and learning groups are located. o Social action: Covers work, community, institutional, therapeutic and support groups. II. Factors that influence group dynamics. Group dynamics refers to what happens inside the group throughout the interaction of the people who are part of it. It is the result of the action of forces and conditions that influence how its members react. They promote the development of the group, its advancement and growth. Two types of dynamics have been fundamentally described: Internal Dynamics: As its name indicates, it is generated within the group from the relationships with each other and their individualities. External Dynamics: Derived from interaction with other groups, the environment and the community. There are many factors that influence the way a group behaves and determine its effectiveness. Among them are: The size of the group and its composition. The visible and invisible structure and organization. The established goals and the procedures for their achievement. The group atmosphere. The established roles. The level of participation and inclusion of its members. The level of cohesion among the members. The degree of belonging or identification with the group. The type of leadership that is exercised. The established norms. The effectiveness in managing conflicts. The way in which tasks are distributed. Assertiveness in communication and sender-message-receiver-impact schemes. The supervision of the processes. Environmental and contextual factors in which the group operates. The quality of relations with other groups and with organizations and institutions on which they directly or indirectly depend.

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