Competitive pressures associated with the threat of entry are greater in all of the following situations except when

a$.$ customers have low brand preferences and low degrees of loyalty to seller.

b$.$ a large pool of potential entrants exists, some of which have the capabilities to overcome high entry barriers.

c$.$ existing industry members are looking to expand their market reach by entering product segments or geographic areas where they currently

d$.$ entry barriers are relatively low and buyer demand for the product is growing rapidly, and newcomers can expect to earn attractive profits wi from incumbents.

e$.$ incumbent firms are willing to strongly contest the entry of newcomers with moves designed to make entry unprofitable.