Compiler Construction Describe what is meant by a phrase structured grammar and a context free grammar.Describe an algorithm to calculate the set LT (P) of all terminal symbols that can start a string derived from the non-terminal P using one or more productions of a given context free grammar. Illustrate your answer by calculating LT sets for the following grammar: S -> U V V -> + U V | U -> X W W -> * X W | X -> ( S ) | n [6 marks] Describe an algorithm to calculate the set FOLLOW(P) of terminal and non-terminal symbols for a given context free grammar, where * FOLLOW(P) = { X | S => ... P X ... } i.e. all symbols that can follow P in a sentential form derived from the sentence symbol S. Illustrate your answer by calculating the FOLLOW sets for the grammar given above. [6 marks] Outline possible ways in which the space used by the Action and Goto matrices of an SLR(1) parser can be reduced.

NewZee Natural Reserve is experimenting with mobile and sensing technology to track the behaviour of its animals and the movement of its customers. The Reserve is located in an area of generally good cellular coverage. The Kiwi Paradise is a special enclosure 10km square, within the reserve, where kiwi birds are bred and kept. The enclosure is in the most remote part of the reserve and cellular connectivity is not present in the area. Kiwi birds are non-flying birds, slightly bigger than chickens. (a) Describe the hardware details of a system of your choice to monitor the interactions and mobility of the kiwi birds in the Kiwi Paradise enclosure. State all your assumptions. [4 marks] (b) Describe the software (MAC and Routing) aspects of the system defined in answer (a) as well as the energy consumption implications. [7 marks] (c) Kiwi birds are threatened by non-

Base your answers to questions 36 through 40 on the Earth Science Reference Tables, the weather map below, and your knowledge of Earth science. The weather map shows a hurricane that was located over south- ern Florida. The isobars show air pressure in inches of mercury. Letters A through D represent four widely separated locations. 30 N- 20' N- - 90 W B. KEY- = Hurricane center (1) 26 N 81 W (2) 26 N 89 W 29.8- 36 What is the latitude and longitude at the center of the hurricane? A (3) 34 N 81 W (4) 34 N 89 W 80 W 29.6 D 29.7 30.0- (1) A (2) B 70 W 29.9. (3) C (4) D -30 N 37 At which location were the winds of this hurri- cane the strongest? 20 N