Compute the exact number of times that the statement tick is executed in the following pseudocode fragments, as a function of n. Show your work, including for each loop the minimum and maximum value of the loop counter, as a function of n and/or the next outermost counter. Give your answer in closed form, with no remaining summations.

The main thing that may be new to you in pseudocode is the use of to indicate assignment: j 1 would be written in Java as j = 1;. Pseudocode uses because it often uses = to mean equality testing (where Java would use ==).

while i i do TICK<>