Programming Questions and Answers February 27, 2021

2. Alice is using the onetime pad encryption scheme described in class (and in the book). Her message space, ciphertext space and keyspace are all 0, 1 (that is, 3 bits long). She samples her key at random and finds that it is 000. After encrypting her message, she sees that the ciphertext is the same as the plaintext This seems problematic to

Consider the following maximum flow problem. (Arc capacities are shown.) 1 (a) Apply the FordFulkerson algorithm to find a maximum st flow. Use the shortest augmenting path method to chose the augmenting path in each iteration. In the case of a tie, break ties lexicographically that is, select the augmenting path alphabetically. (b) Prove that

... The following code gets two integer values from the user and displays the sum of them as the output. include int main(void) int num1 int num2 int sum printf(Enter first number ) scanf(d, num1) printf(Enter second number ) scanf(d, num2) sum num1 num2 printf(Sum of the entered numbers d, sum) return 0 A) Change the code to produce the

Suppose you are given a set S of n twodimensional points P1, P2, ..., Pn in an arbitrary order (i.e., neither xsorted nor ysorted). Let x, and y, denote ther and (respectively) y coordinate of point p, and assume that all coordinates are positive. No two points of S have same x coordinate, or the same y coordinate (i.e., i j implies tij and yi y).

A power station has installed 10 new generators to provide electricity for a local metropolitan area. In the past year (8,776 hours), two of those generators have failed, one at 2,460 hours and one at 5,962 hours. It took five days, working 24 hours a day, to repair each generator. a. Using one year as the test period, what is the mean time

8. Give the binarytree representation of the following trees in the forest. (Join these three trees in the forest to form a binary tree.) A BC D T E K L M 1 P 1 Q X I Y 8

Use the following information to determine the contribution margin ratio Unit sales Unit selling price Unit variable cost Fixed costs 6.9. 48.3. 24.5. 51.7. 34.1. 50,000 Units 14.50 7.50 204,000

Write a program average Temp.c that asks the user to enter 5 temperature readings in Fahrenheit, and computes the average temperature in both Fahrenheit and Celsius. The temperatures should be read in the following format temp1temp2temp3temp4temp5 The displayed averages should always show the sign (), be right aligned and include exactly 3 decimal

Given a system defined by the following matrix differential equation, complete the tasks listed. The objective of this problem is to solve the system of differential equations, using the eigenvalue approach. It is a powerful tool that you will be required to know. du (t) dt Ju(t). 2 3 2 3 Au(t) a) By hand, find the eigenvalues and eigenvectors

Write a program to help a professor save students grades in a file. The students grade should be saved in results.dat file. The professor should be able to enteredit the students information and be able to see the results. In the enteredit menu, the professor should be able to create the student record, search student record, display student

An employer keeps track of which days of the work week employees are absent. The employer is interested to see if the proportion of employees absent is the same each day of the work week. The table below provides a random sample of employee absences for each day of the work week. Day of Week Number of Employees Absent Monday Tuesday Wednesday

1. Define what is meant by the runtime stack, and the runtime heap. Explain how each of them are used. o 2. Using proof by induction, prove that the sum of integers 1, 2, n is equal to n(n1)2. 3. What are the four fundamental rules of recursion After listing them, design a recursive function that follows the four rules and explain how it follows

Will the following C++ function always terminate, for any input? Prove your answer. You should assume for this problem that the int type does NOT wrap around (it can count to any integer, positive or negative).

int g(int n) int x g(n if (x 0) else return x 1 1) return 1

The process of informed consent occurs when communication between a patient and physician results in the patient's authorization or agreement to undergo a specific medical intervention. In seeking a patient's informed consent (or the consent of the patient's surrogate if the patient lacks decision-making capacity or declines to participate in

3. For the arithmetic expression Draw a binary tree that represents the above expression A B C XY Z 6

operations. For the following arithmetic expressions, sort its arithmetic a) A B A (BDCE) b) A B (DC (H K)) c) A BC (DE) F (G H)

i. ii. Given the following arithmetic expressions, Convert each expression to valid C code. Write C program with suitable execution screen to test all expressions with appropriate data for x and y Expression 1 Z Expression 2 z Expression 3 (x y) x (3 y) (x 2) y z x (y 2y) Example execution screen (assume user enters 7.5 for x and 10 for y)

4. Define T(n) by the recurrence T(n) ((n31) T(n3) n if n 3 Use iteration to find a tight asymptotic bound for T(n). if 1 n 3

function Write the code to use the trapezoid rule and the simpson rule to integrate the following cos(10x)dx x 1 Produce a table to compare the results from both methods for the following number of intervals used 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024 and 2048.

Suppose youre consulting for a biotech company that runs experiments on two identical testing machines, M and M. Each day they have a number of jobs that they need to do, and each job has to be assigned to one of the two machines. The problem they need help on is how to assign the jobs to machines to keep the loads balanced each day. The problem

vi V6 05 v1 VA Figure 1.21 A graph with nine vertices,Use the breadthfirst and depthfirst search algorithm to find spanning trees of the graph in Figure 1.21, with the root of the tree at v and the ordering of the vertices being (v, 2,...,Ug). Show all your work. (a) Write down the height of each tree. (b) Write down the radius of the graph. (c)

The following information is given on a parallel algorithm Serial execution time Parallel execution time Memory required per processor P pn (a) Find the largest number of processors (as a function of n) that can be used while being optimally efficient. (3 points) (b) Assuming that memory available per processor is fixed, can we scale the number

Perform an analysis of each of the following fragments and give a 0 bound for the running time sum 0 for (int i 0 i Ni) for (int j i j 0 j) sum a. b. sum 0 for (int i for (int j sum 0 i Ni) 0 j

A 7516, B 2716 i) Compute AB and AB. Use the fewest bits possible and determine if overflow occurs in each scenario. ii) What are the two observations that indicate overflow Will overflow occur when adding two numbers of different signs

6. What is the output of the following start num x 0 num y 5 X x 1 y y 1 yxy output y end

7. What is the output of the following start num j 10 num k 2 num m 4 jjk m km kjm output k end

8. What is the output of the following start num a 1 num b 10 num c 100 num x 0 x c 3 x x (b 6) x x (a 5) output x end

how to get output of this code?

i n while (i 1) j i while (j

a. b. Provide bigOh estimations of the following code fragments int sum 0 for (int k n k 0 k 2) 0 i

1. Change the program at the bottom so that it prints to the output Hello, World. 1 include 2 3 int main() 4 5 6 2. Complete the following sketch to prints out the sum of the numbers a, b, and c 1 include 1234SGT68 2 printf (Goodbye, World) return 0 3 int main() int a 3 4 5 7 8 float b 4.5 double c 5.25 float sum 9 Your code goes here 10 11

1. Write a simple python code to print the output Hello World in Command Prompt. 2. Create a variable with the floating number 3.142. 3. Write a sketch to print the data type of variable var as shown follows var 5.5 4. Define a simple function to sum to 2 input arguments x and y. 5. Correct the following codes. (1) A 33 B 200 if b a print (b

Write a program that asks the user to enter two doubles and prints the sum, difference, product, and division of these numbers. If the second number that is entered by the user is zero, the program should print out a message that the Division can not be calculated. However, it prints the results for the other operations. Here are two examples of

You are asked to write a C program, which first calculates and prints out the sum of the digits of a number with at most 7 digits. Then it prints out all the divisors of the sum number that is calculated in the previous step. The output should look like this Enter a number with at most 7digits 1259955 Sum of the digits of 1259955 is 36 The

Write the output that would be in the console here,public class Test public static void main(String args) int x 1, 2, 3 int y 6, 7, 8 int Z (11, 12, 13 y z y 0 System.out.println (x0 O y 0 W 2 z 0)

Write the output that would be in the console here,public class Test public static void main(String args) list int list 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) reverse (list) for (int i 0 i list.length i) System.out.print (listi ) public static void reverse (int list) int newList new int list.length for (int i 0 i list.length i) newListi list list.length 1

Write a program that can accept two inputs a food type and a price, and determines if the food is affordable or expensive. This program should use an ifstatement to determine. If the cost of the food is over 20, then the program should say it is expensive, and otherwise it should say it is affordable (this is arbitrary for the purposes of making

For the following 3 DoF robot Find the forward Kinematics using twist theory and POE (10100) Find the Body and Spatial Velocity (10100) Find the Jacobian Matrix (5100)

Write a function that reverses the entered integer. Use the following function heder int reverse(int number) For example, reverse(4589) returns 9854. Also, write the main program that prompts the user to enter an integer and displays the reversal of that integer.

a) Determine the big O running time of the method myMethod() by counting the approximate number of operations it performs. Show all details of your answer. Static void myMethod (String S) int i int n length (s) int j (2 x n) loop while (j 0) n 1 i loop j while (i 1 ) ii 2 j 1

Write a C program to do the following Read a positive integer N. if user enters negative number or a character post a message that only positive integres are allowed. Display the sum of integers between 1 and N, which can be divided by 5.

a b d e f bo Write the output for the following code segments System.out.println(10510103 2) Code int a 20 int b a 30 System.out.printf(d, ((a30) b) (ab) (ab)) System.out.printf(d, (int) (10 (double) 3)) int x 4 int y 5 System.out.println( ((x 3) (y 3)) ) int x 10, p, z int p x int z p System.out.printf(d, xpz) int a 10 while (a

a) Show that each element Aindex has a probability of ending up in any particular position in B. b) Explain why the resulting permutation is not uniformly random. Activate Go to Sett,(A) let B1...n be a new array RANDOM (1, n) offset for index 1 to n PERMUTEINCYCLES n A.length pos index offset if pos n pos pos n B pos Aindex return B

Assume we have K different classes in a multiclass Softmax Regression model. The for k1,2,..., K, where Sk (x) Ok.x, T posterior probability is pk 8(Sk(x))k exp (Sk(x)) 1 exp (sj(x)) j1 input x is an ndimension vector, and K the total number of classes. 1) To learn this Softmax Regression model, how many parameters we need to estimate What are

Draw a flowchart for a program that will ask user to enter the students name and grade and will give the appropriate rank below With highest honor 98100 9597 With high honors With honors 9094 7589 below 75 Passed Failed Draw flowchart for a program that will output 3, 6, 9 onebyone using iteration process.

a) Given the following undirected graph U Represent the graph as (i) Adjacency matrix (ii) Adjacency list (iii) Incidence matrix W X Y N (1.0 mark) (1.0 mark) (1.0 mark)

List ten errors in the following code block. Briefly describe each error. 1 public Class Class 10 ( 2 public void static main(string s) ( 3 float x 7.3 4 float y 8.1 5 float sum 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ) For (int z x z

1) Describe the concept of starvation in a realtime schedule. Provide an example. 3 2) What is a static scheduler Provide an example. 3 3) Do staticpriority schedulers produce dynamic schedules or static schedules Explain in detail and provide an example that illustrates your explanation. 4 Answer here

Consider the following statement Statement For every integer n 1, 2 (n 1) We would like to prove this statement by mathematical induction. Let P (n) 2 (n 1) Do the following three steps Step 1 Show the base case Step 2 What is the induction hypothesis Step 3 Show the induction step (first start with what do you want to show)

By mathematical induction, prove that the following loop will add n elements in an array a and store the sum in the variable sum. sum 0 k0 while k n sum sum ak k k 1 State what you want to prove State the loop invariant P(k) Show the initialization, i.e., P(0) is true Show the maintenance step that assumes P(k) is true and proves that P(k1)

Explain how Ethernet operates in a switched network (5 Marks) What are Ethernet frames (2 Marks) Explain how the Ethernet sublayers are related to the frame fields. (3 Marks) Describe the Ethernet MAC address. (5 marks) Explain how a switch builds its MAC address table and forwards frames. (5 marks)

(f) In the context of Network Security, Explain what is meant by the Digital Signature of a message, and describe a way to achieve it. A Certificate Authority must encrypt a Public Key Certificate for a company. What type of encryption key will be used From what organization will it origi nate 10 marks

Write a JavaScript function that accepts two parametersarguments, a string and a letter (string) and the function will count the number of occurrences of the specified letter within the string and return that value. Example the first argument is hello and the second parameter is I. The function should return 2 because there are two is in hello.

1. Write an assembly language program to implement the following equation ymxb (y R0 m0x05 x R1 b0x20) You can use R2 to R7 for your program if needed. Show your work

Define operator o on functions as (fog)(x) R R, f(x) x 2x 1 and g R R, g(x) 2. f(g(x)). Define (a) Please compute fog and go f, respectively (b) Please determine whether f and g are bijective functions, respectively. You should show why they are bijective functions or why they are not. If there are bijective functions, please also write

What is the complexity of the following code snippet int count 0 while(n 0 ) n n 1 for(int i 0 i

Explain Secant method, Also discuss error in Secant method and advantages and disadvantages. Evaluate the roots of the following Quadratic equation x45x 4 0 x4x 2x 2 0

problemsolving 1. xa3 (int)(xy)24 If x2.5, a7, y4.7 (float)(ab)2(int)x(int)y 2. If a2, b3, x3.5, y2.5 3.if a12 (1) aa (3) a 23 Write the process. (5) a(n2), (6) aaaa (2) a2 (4) aaa n5

1. What are the rules to calculate FIRST and FOLLOW Give the predictive parsing table for the grammar. S LRR L R id R L Is it LL (1) Show the actions of the parser for the input string idid 2. Explain the structure and key functions used in LEX. Write a LEX program for 32bit hexadecimal numbers

Consider the following data points (P1 to P7) with two features, x1 and x2. Labels for P1 to P5 have been given. a) Classify (assign labels) to the remaining points using KNN with k1 using L1 distance. P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 P6 P7 x1 0 2 0 1 1 0 5 x2 0 2 4 1 2 4 1 Label 1 2 312 b) Can you use k2 or k3 Briefly explain your answer. c) What are the

Consider the code shown below arr1 np.array(1, 3, 5, 7, 91) arr2 np.array(2, 4, 6, 8, 10) condition np.array(True, False, True, True, Falsel) result np.. (condition, arr1, arr2) Which numpy function (just the name, no parentheses) would result in the output shown below chooses value from arrl or arr2 based on booleans in condition if the

How many times does the number 5 appear in the array resulting from using this method of indexing data 1, 1, 1, 011 on the array, data, that contains 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 0 1 2 3 4 5 Error

What is the output of the code below No output and error are possible. class Doughnut categories cakey, doughy definit(self, category, flavor) if category not in Doughnut.categories self.category doughy else self.category category. self. flavor flavor print (Doughnut.categories) Doughnut.categories cakey, doughy Error No output

a) Describe and illustrate in correct order EACH of the different layers of the OSI 7layer model and document the protocol data units that are used at the lower THREE levels of the model. (10 marks) b) Map the OSI 7layer model to the TCPIP protocol stack using diagrams where necessary.(05 marks) c) What are the processes used by EACH layer to move

Assume that your ultralowcost processor doesnt have the hardware budget for an integer multiplier implemented in HW, and you dont need 64bit multiplication results, but you do need 32bit multiplication results to do some address computations (i.e. you only need a multiplier that returns a 32bit result, even given two 32bit inputs) In the SW

Using the informal rules for database design, convert the ER diagram to schemas, clearly marking the key and foreign key constraints. al A R c2 cl bl B

The function F(x) x5 2x x is an increasing function (since F(x) 5x 6x 1 0 ) and therefore has an inverse, which we denote as F(x). (a) Use Matab to plot F(x) and F1(x) on the same set of axes, with 1 x 1. (b) Write a Matlab function, whose prototype is y inverseF(x). Here the input x is assumed such that 1 x 1, and the output y is the

int number 10 while (number 5) number How many times will this while loop run (you can count how many times number gets decremented) Answer

What is the complexity time for each of the following int a 0, b 0 int a 0 for (i 0 i

Assuming that there is three clusters and clusters have the following data points. Cluster 11,0,1,1 Cluster 2 1,2), (2,3),(2,2),(1,2)). Cluster 3 3,1),(3,3),(2,1 Find the Silhouette Coefficient of the first data point in Cluster 1. What can you comment about the cohesion and separation of this data point as evident from the Silhouette Coefficient

Given the following C function call long x 5 long y 7 average(x, y) Explain a) how this function is called in LEGV8 b) how are parameters passed in LEGV8 give example c) Assume x19 is used in main, explain how the function saves it. Show example.

A stack bStack contains the following items 10, 1,5, 22, 33, 44 What is the output to the screen of the following code int x while (bStack.isEmpty()) bStack.pop(x) if (x0 bStack.isEmpty()) bStack.pop() cout x endl

2. Analyze the running time of the function InsertItem shown below (sorted list). To get credit, you need to be as specific as possible. Void InsertItem() Int location 0 Bool found Found false While ((location location index) Infoindexinfoindex1 Infolocation item Length

Consider the following automaton (DFA machine) b b 91 92 a a S b Ti 12 b b a For the above automaton write a computer program (any programming language is OK) that can process strings which use symbols from the corresponding alphabet and applying the above machine. Show how 5 strings are accepted and how 5 other strings are not accepted. Clearly

How many lines, as a function of n (in (n) form), do each of the following programs print Please explain how you arrived at the answer. (a) In the following n div 2 is the quotient when n is divided by 2. void f(unsigned int n) If (n0) Else (b) void f (unsigned int n ) If (n0) printf(Continue ) printf(Continue ) f(n div 2) Else printf(Continue

Create CFG, and test paths int countspaces (char str) int length, i, count count 0 length strlen (str) for(i1 i

Suppose you are choosing amongst the following three algorithms to solve the same computational problem Algorithm A solves the given problem of size n by dividing it into nine subproblems of size 3, recursively solving each subproblem, and combining the solutions in (n) time. Algorithm B solves the given problem of size n by dividing it into

1. Prove that for f(n) n, and g(n) lg n, then g o (f) Hint easier to use limits. 2. Disprove that if f O(g) and h O (g) then f 0 (h) Hint give a counter example.

PartialFull credit will be given only if you include all your work. You are only allowed to use your calculator and penpencil to complete this quiz. Should your answer contain any information that can be found on the Internet, the quiz will be automatically invalidated. 1. Draw the necessary hardware components for a traditional 32bit computer

Let unsigned char x,y,z x15 y35 z133 XX164 yay3 Z z Enter the base10 integer values that x, y, and z would have x has value y has value z has value Let int x7 x(x116) 1 int y(1 5) int 2(772) int a22 a (a 2) Read the end of Section 2.2.2 carefully. Enter the base10 integer value that x would have x has value y has value z has value a has value

write a program in c++ by using arrays and loops . A traveller wants to travel from point A to point B and he has two path options (path1, path2). Find a new path with minimum cost from the beginning of any path to the end of any of the two paths. We can switch from one path to another path only at the common elements. The path costs are given:

Your clients ad campaign is driving people to its landing page, but conversions on the page are low. Which two actions would best increase conversions Select two answers. Lower the ad spend and adjust the bid amount per click Hire a copywriter to rewrite the landing page Add a popup to the landing page requesting email addresses Adjust the layout

2 Consider a two dimensional space R. Determine whether the following sets are convex or not. Prove or disprove. 2 (x, x) x x 1 1 1 (x, x) x x 1 Hint Use the triangular inequality x y x yl

Let 1,2,3. Which of the following are valid regular expressions 3 (21) 33 (11 22) 2(1x) 3 132 23, n 0 (21 ) 33 (1 22) (12 11) 12 262 312 4

Let 1, 2, 3. Which of the following regular expressions generate the language L 33w w 1, 2 U1123 n 2 O 33 (12) 112223 O (12) (12) 33 112 (22)23 33 (12) (12) 112223 None of the others. 33(1 2) 112223

Let a,b. Write the regular expression that denotes the language accepted by the dfa below b a b (24) la (2) a b (25 (23) b a,b (26) a 279,6

(b) Construct the circuit for the state diagram shown in Figure Q1 using digital logic gates and DFlip Flops. 01 10 10 00 00 00 11 10 00 00 11 Figure Q1 State Diagram,Q3 (a) Briefly explain each phase of digital testing in a VLSI design flow using an illustration. (b) Briefly explain functional and structural testing with the fault model by

Suppose we insert the following numbers into an initially empty 23 tree, in the given order 9, 15, 4, 36, 13, 2, 11 7, 1, 16, 12 14, 8, 10, 5. (a) Draw a picture of the 23 tree after each insertion you do not have to write down the guides at each node just draw the tree structure and the keys at the leaves. (b) Suppose that now a split operation

We compare the speed of searching a Btree with a standard binary search tree (BST). If there are n keys, let TBfree (n) and TBST(n) denote their worst case search times. We write TBST(n) lgn, measured in some idealized time unit. NOTE each time unit is less than e machine cycles for some moderate constant c 1 (most likely, c 40). A Btree with n

What is the correct difficulty label for the node containing a question mark on the following attack tree Get Equipment Easy Easy Medium Difficult Break the lock Get Access to the Safe Difficult Break into a safe Steal the safe Difficult Get Combination Medium Red Difficult Yellow Medium Green Easy

The static RAM 6264 is located starting at address 9E000 of the 8086 address space as shown in the figure below. a) What is the value of n (see the notes below) b) Show the address decoding circuitry adding external logic gates if necessary. You can use the table below to analyze the address. You must show all the connections to A, B, C, (G2A),

Write a Java that calculates a newborn babys health using the Apgfar test. Follow these steps a. Create a class named ApgarClass. b. Give the class an Apgar method. C. Prompt the user five times for the five metrics and store the user input in variables. Output the Apgar score. d. e. Call the method from Main method in Main class.

A QAM signal has the has the time diagram below. Calculate a) Baud Rate Rs b) B) Bit Rate R c) The transmission bandwidth BT d) Bit Duration Tb e) Baud duration Ts Amplitude 101 100 001 000 010 011 110 111 wwwwwwww 1 baud 1 baud 1 baud 1 baud, 1 baud 2 second 1 baud 1 baud 1 baud Time

How are exploitation, vulnerability, threat, and assets related? a. Risk is the likelihood that a threat agent will exploit a vulnerability in the security of the asset. b. An asset is exploited if it is vulnerable. c. A threat agent exploits weaknesses in security. d. All of the above are correct. e. None of the above are correct.

Organizations face threats to people, information, and systems. An outdated operating system falls into which threat category? a. Hardware attacks b. Technical hardware failures or errors c. Technical software failures or errors d. Technological obsolescence

Write a Matlab code to find the PALU factorization for the 8 x 8 Hilbert matrix, i.e. 1 i j 1 and compare your answers to the Matlab command of L,U,Plu(A). A (ai,j), ai, j 1 i, j 8,

2. What is word alignment When is it important class biff short int a long int b short int c 3. Looking at the class biff above, how many bytes would it occupy if a short int uses 2 bytes and a long int uses 4 bytes (Assume no word alignment). Now, assuming word alignment comes into play, how bytes would biff need. If possible, rearrange biff so

The collection of different instructions that the processor can execute is referred to as the processors O a. operation set O b. instruction set O c. instruction package O d. operation package O e. none

2.2. For each of the following NFAs, draw the state diagram, trace its operation on each of the strings shown, and indicate which of them are accepted. (a) 1 2 3 a 1, 2 1 1, 2 a b 1 1 3 4 (b) 2 2 1 1 (c) 2 3 1 4 2 4 3 2 3 4 b 3 2, 3 1 a 1, 2 3 3,4 1 b 2 2, 3 2 2 Strings aaab, baaab, ababab, baabb, aba Strings abaab, baabb, bbaba, aabb, bababa,

For the given program write the output at the given space. include void main() printf(d, (93233 2))

I. II. III. AG001 AG002 AG003 AG002 AG001 AG004 Which normal form is the following table in Transfer the table to 3rd Normalised form and show the conversion to the third form. In each normal form, show the tables, Primary Keys and Foreign keys. UnitAddres NoOfRooms BuildingID BuildingName BuildingAddress Signingdate White Palace Ryde Marsfiled