Concern for the potential for side effects of COVID-19 vaccines has been a common area of research over the pandemic. Researchers were interested in whether the risk of experiencing facial nerve palsy (a temporary paralysis of the facial muscles) is increased by the COVID-19 mRNA vaccines. To investigate, researchers identified 37 people diagnosed with facial nerve palsy who were reviewed in an emergency department at a major hospital. A further 74 people without facial nerve palsy reviewed in the same hospital department were also identified. The table below presents the study findings.a. Name the measure of association that would be most appropriate to see if there is an association between vaccination and facial nerve palsy. (2 marks) b. Calculate the appropriate measure of association. (3 marks) c. Interpret your result. (2 marks) d. What does this tell us about the relationship between vaccination and facial nerve palsy based on these study results alone? (1 mark)

Facial nerve palsy yes no yes 21 45 Vaccinated no 16 29 37 74