1. "Concussion-Related Measures Improved in High School Football Players Who Drank New Chocolate Milk" announced a recent headline. In the study, researchers compared a group of concussed football players given a new type of chocolate milk with a group of concussed football players who received no treatment.
2. Explain why it isn't reasonable to conclude that the new type of chocolate milk is effective for treating high school players with concussions, based on this study.
3. To test the effectiveness of the new type of chocolate milk, you recruit 50 high school football players who suffered a concussion in the previous 24 hours to participate in an experiment. Describe the explanatory and response variables, how the treatments should be assigned, and what other variables should be kept the same.