Congress passes a law stating that all persons who own a boat over 20 feet need to be registered with the Federal Department of Transportation. In California, a law from 20 years ago says that "any persons who own a boat over 15 feet who sail on the Pacific Ocean must be registered with their State's DMV". Joe is a fisherman in Long Beach who owns a 27 foot sailboat. He take it out on the water for work on Monday, and is promptly fined by the Federal Department of Transportation. In his defense, Joe argues that he has been registered with the California DMV for the last 20 years. Under what power can Congress enact this law, and what statute will govern Joe's case?

Taxing and Spending Clause; State Law because it came before Federal Law

Necessary and Proper Clause; State Law because it came before Federal Law

Transportation Clause; Federal Law because of the Supremacy Clause

Commerce Clause; Federal Law because of the Supremacy Clause