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Consider a processor with 2 levels of memory, Level 1 Cache and Level 2 Main Memory (RAM), represented in the figure below. Level 1 has

Consider a processor with 2 levels of memory, Level 1 Cache and Level 2 Main Memory (RAM), represented in the figure below. Level 1 has an access time of 7 ns and Level 2 has an access time of 0.15 s. Assume that if a byte to be accessed is in level 1, then the processor accesses it directly. If it is in level 2, then the byte is first transferred to level 1 and then accessed by the processor. For simplicity, we ignore the time required for the processor to determine whether the byte is in level 1 or level 2. We can define hit-ratio H, as the fraction of all memory accesses that are found in the faster memory (the cache memory). The hit-ratio H of cache is 98%. What is the average time to access a byte in such a two-level memory subsystem?

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