Consider an attacker who aims to compromise a university's server to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data, disrupt operations, and potentially steal intellectual property.

The attacker utilizes different attack paths, each associated with estimated costs. Analyze the attack tree and answer the questions based on the provided estimated costs.

Root Node: Unauthorized Access to University Serve

Attack Paths:

A$.$ Exploiting Software Vulnerabilities

i$.$ Exploit Unpatched Web Server.

a$.$ Utilize open$-$source vulnerability scanner $-->$ $$0.$

b$.$ Purchase exploit kit on the dark web $-$$$1,000.$

ii$.$ Exploit Outdated Database Software.

a$.$ Use automated exploit tool $-$$$500.$

B$.$ Social Engineering

i$.$ Spear Phishing Attack on University Staff.

a$.$ Purchase phishing$-$as$-$a$-$service $-200.$

C$.$ Brute$-$Force Attack

i$.$ Brute$-$Force Login Credentials.

a$.$ Use password$-$cracking tool $-->$ $$100.$

b$.$ Rent a botnet for distributed attack $-->$ $$300.$