Consider sending a file of F bits over a path of Q links. Each link transmits at R bits per second (bps). The network is lightly loaded so that there are no queueing delays. When a form of packet switching is used, the F bits are broken up into packets, each packet with L bits, of which h bits of it are header. Propagation delay is negligible. Let F = 1x10^6, Q = 35, R = 1 Mbps, L = 1000, and h = 40

a) Suppose that the network is a circuit-switched network. Further, suppose that the transmission rate of the circuit between the source and destination is R bps. Assuming ts = 250 milliseconds set-up time and h bits of header appended to the entire file, how long does it take to send the file?

b) Suppose the network is a packet-switched store-and-forward datagram network and a connectionless service is used. How long does it take to send the file?

c) Suppose the network is a packet-switched virtual circuit network. Denote the VC set-up time by ts= 500 milliseconds. How long does it take to send the file from source to destination?