Consider the following facts for a company undertaking clinical trials on a new drug:

• The present value of the cost of undertaking Phase 2 clinical trials at the beginning of these Phase 2 trials is $ 10 million.
• The length of time it takes to go through Phase 2 is 3 years.
• The likelihood of success of Phase 2 is 70%.
• The present value of the cost of undertaking Phase 3 clinical trials at the beginning of these Phase 3 trials is $13 million.
• The length of time it takes to go through Phase 3 to reach commercialization is 2 years.
• The likelihood of success of Phase 3 is 49%.
• The discount rate is 10%.

What is the NPV of the cost of conducting clinical testing tests at the beginning of the Phase 2? Express your answer in millions of dollars to one decimal place.