could you please answer question a.
thanks
ontent/8306536/View Chem-Med Company April 1, 20XX: Dr. Nathan Swan, age 40, chairman of the board of directors, chief executive officer, and founder of the Chem-Med Company, was in his office staring at the ceiling, wondering if he would not have been better off still teaching biochemistry at the University of Toronto. This business was getting to be a headache. Only a short time ago he was able to spend most of his time in the company lab comfortably working with test tubes and formulas. Lately, though, it seemed that all his waking hours were spent with financial statements and spreadsheets, and in meetings. He wanted the firm to grow and make money, but he had no idea that the financial end of the business would be so demanding and complex. Dr. Swan was a little mystified by financial matters. How could one describe a company in financial terms? How could financial statements indicate whether or not a firm was in good or bad shape? (The balance in the company chequing account didn't seem to be an indicator.) How could one convince a group of hard-nosed investors that the company was capable of making a lot of money in the next few years, if it just had more money now? (Dr. Swan was always puzzled by the fact that Chem-Med was growing and making money, but it never seemed to have enough cash.) Chem-Med began operations 18 years ago after Dr. Francois Swan completed the development of commercial-scale isolation of sodium hyaluronate (hereafter referred to as HA), a naturally occurring biological fluid that is useful in exe surgery and other medical and veterinary uses. The isolation process, complex and proprietary to the company, involves extracting and purifying HA from rooster combs. Initial seed money for the enterprise came from research grants from the University of Toronto and the federal government, plus contributions from Dr. Swan's colleagues and associates, who were now classified as the company's shareholders (254 as of April 20XX, all closely held: not traded publicly). In mid-20XU Chem-Med commenced the manufacture and distribution of its first product, VISCAM, which is used to hold tissues in place during and after surgery of the retina. In March 20XV Chem-Med received regulatory approval to market another HA product known as VISCHY, which is used for the treatment of degenerative joint diseases in horses. The two products, VISCAM and VISCHY, are the only ones Chem-Med currently produces; however, the company has an active R&D (Research & Development) program investigating other applications There are only two other manufacturers of FDA-approved HA products in the world: AB Fortia, a Swedish corporation, which manufactures a product called Healon in Sweden and distributes it in North America through a subsidiary Pharmacia Inc., and Cilco Inc. in West Virginia. Chem-Med has about a 25 percent share of the market (for HA products in eye surgervi against Cilcos 16 percent and Pharmacias 59 percent. Pharmacia, with the power Page 3 of 3 18 View as SUDS36/View of giant AB Fortia behind it, waged a continuing marketing war with Chem-Med, undercutting Chem-Med's prices and wooing its customers away at every opportunity. The matter came to a head in September 20XX, when Chem-Med filed a $13 million suit against Pharmacia, charging unfair trade practices Dr. Swan was reasonably confident that Chem- Med would prevail in the suit, and in fact, Pharmacia had recently offered to settle out of court for $500,000. Dr. Swan's primary problem was that although he was convinced the company was sound and would grow, he wasn't sure how to communicate that to potential investors in the financial community in a way that would convince them. Just handing out past income statements and balance sheets (shown in Tables 1 and 2) that he received from the accountants didn't seem to be enough. Further, he wasn't even sure the company needed outside financing, let alone how much. He just believed they would need it, since they had always had to ask for money in the past. Net sales (all credit) Cost of goods sold Gross profit Selling, etc expenses Other income (expenses)" Operating profit. Interest expense CHEM-MED COMPANY Income Statements 20XU-20W Pro Forma Income (in thousands) Statements 20x 20X 20X 20x 20X U V w Y 20XZ $ 777 $3,051 $3,814 $5,340 $7,475 $10,366 257 995 1,040 1.716 2.154 2,954 520 2,056 2,774 3,624 5,321 7,412 610 705 964 1.520 2,120 2,645 0 0 0 500 0 0 (90) 1.351 1.810 2.604 3.201 4,767 11 75 94 202 302 434 (101 1.276 1,716 2402 2.899 4333 Income before tax Income taxes (40 in 20X1.33% thereafter Net income 510 566 793 957 1.430 510115 766 $1.150 8. $1.609 S1943 $ 2.903 Pastics View as Text ntent/8306536/View Dividends paid 0 0 0 0 0 0 Increase in retained earnings $(101) $ 766 $1,150 $1,609 $1,942 $ 2,903 Average number of shares** 2,326 2,326 2,347 2,347 2,347 2,347 Earnings per share. ($0.04) $0.33 $0.49 $0.69 $0.83 $1.24 Qeher income (expense refers to extraordinary pains and loses in 2DXCC 5.900.000 spected from Pharmacie Inc, in settlement of the last Shares are not publicly traded TABLE 1 CHEM-MED COMPANY Balance Sheets (in thousands) Pro Forma Balance Sheets as of Dec. 31, years ended: 20x V 20x W 20XU 20xx 20XY 20XZ Assets Cash and equitalent S 124 $ 103 $167 $ 205 $ 422 $ 101 Accounts receivable 100 409 564 907 2,351 Inventories 151 302 960 1,102 1,495 1.443 57 798 Other current 28 59 29 41 11 Total current assets 403 873 1.720 2.255 3.417 3.261 2.298 2,917 4.301 5.531 1.901 31 8.923 82 Property, plant, & equipment Leis: Accumulated amortization Property plant equipment niet Other capital assets 346 413 588 1.520 2216 2.571 3.888 5.009 8335 101 200 200 213 399 Piret View as tent/8306536/View $2,223 $3,190 $4,491 $6,343 $8,641 $11,995 $210 $ 405 $ 551 $771 $1,080 $ 1,512 35 39 42 59 82 135 245 444 593 830 1,162 1,647 17 19 21 27 50 17 Total assets. Liabilities Accounts payable. Short-term debt Total current liabilities Long-term debt Total liabilities Equity Common stock Retained earnings Total equity Total liabilities and equity TABLE 2 262 463 614 857 1,212 1,664 2,062 2,062 2,062 2,062 5,366 (101) 2,062 2,062 665 1,815 2.727 3,877 $3,190 $4,491 1.961 3,424 5,486 56,343 7,428 8,269 10,331 $11.995 $2.223 $8,640 . Dr. Swan had lunch with his banker recently, and the banker mentioned several restrictive covenants the company would have to meet if it came to the bank for financing. The three covenants were The current ratio must be maintained above 2.25 to 1. The debt-to-assets ratio must be less than 0.3 to 1 Dividends cannot be paid unless earnings are positive. Dr. Swan didn't think he would have any trouble with those, but he wasn't sure. He would have to analyze the numbers before the next board of directors meeting, but he now had to meet with a representative of a supermarket chain. . As a financial advisor you are considering the addition of Chem-Med to your a clients portfolio, you are interested in the company's record of profitability.prospects for the future, degree of risk, and how it compares with others in the industry (shoni in Table 3). From that point of view, write a report to your client addressing the following questions: Biotechnology Industry Statistics-Median Company in Biological Products 20XU 20xv 20XW Parees View.as Te 25 23 2.4 1.2 1.1 1.3 Current ratio Quick ratio Inventory turnover. Total asset tumover... 55 5.6 5.7 115 1.16 1.18 Return on sales 4.00% 5.00% 4.00% 4.60% Return on assets. 4.64% 5.90% Return on equity Total debt to assets. 7.64% 8.44% 12.29% 0.40 0.45 0.52 Selected Statistics, Pharmacia Company 20XU 20XV 20XW 2.8 2.7 2.8 15 1.3 1.6 Current ratio Quick ratio Inventory turnover Total asset tumover 5.6 5.7 5.8 1.9 2 1.9 Return on sales 600 7.00% 6.50% 13.00% Return on assets 11.40 13.30 19.049 27.66% Return on equity Total debt to assets 29.569 0.40 0.53 0.35 Price earnings ratio 13, 14 13 $21.78 Average share price TABLE 3 $24.92 531 50 CONDUCTA GENERAL RESEARCH ON THE INTERNET) ON THE BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY IN CANADA AND SUMMARIZE YOUR KEY FINDINGS TO CAPTURE MARKET SIZE AND COMPETITIVE DYNASTICS OF THIS INDUSTRY Page 15 7 18 ontent/8306536/View Chem-Med Company April 1, 20XX: Dr. Nathan Swan, age 40, chairman of the board of directors, chief executive officer, and founder of the Chem-Med Company, was in his office staring at the ceiling, wondering if he would not have been better off still teaching biochemistry at the University of Toronto. This business was getting to be a headache. Only a short time ago he was able to spend most of his time in the company lab comfortably working with test tubes and formulas. Lately, though, it seemed that all his waking hours were spent with financial statements and spreadsheets, and in meetings. He wanted the firm to grow and make money, but he had no idea that the financial end of the business would be so demanding and complex. Dr. Swan was a little mystified by financial matters. How could one describe a company in financial terms? How could financial statements indicate whether or not a firm was in good or bad shape? (The balance in the company chequing account didn't seem to be an indicator.) How could one convince a group of hard-nosed investors that the company was capable of making a lot of money in the next few years, if it just had more money now? (Dr. Swan was always puzzled by the fact that Chem-Med was growing and making money, but it never seemed to have enough cash.) Chem-Med began operations 18 years ago after Dr. Francois Swan completed the development of commercial-scale isolation of sodium hyaluronate (hereafter referred to as HA), a naturally occurring biological fluid that is useful in exe surgery and other medical and veterinary uses. The isolation process, complex and proprietary to the company, involves extracting and purifying HA from rooster combs. Initial seed money for the enterprise came from research grants from the University of Toronto and the federal government, plus contributions from Dr. Swan's colleagues and associates, who were now classified as the company's shareholders (254 as of April 20XX, all closely held: not traded publicly). In mid-20XU Chem-Med commenced the manufacture and distribution of its first product, VISCAM, which is used to hold tissues in place during and after surgery of the retina. In March 20XV Chem-Med received regulatory approval to market another HA product known as VISCHY, which is used for the treatment of degenerative joint diseases in horses. The two products, VISCAM and VISCHY, are the only ones Chem-Med currently produces; however, the company has an active R&D (Research & Development) program investigating other applications There are only two other manufacturers of FDA-approved HA products in the world: AB Fortia, a Swedish corporation, which manufactures a product called Healon in Sweden and distributes it in North America through a subsidiary Pharmacia Inc., and Cilco Inc. in West Virginia. Chem-Med has about a 25 percent share of the market (for HA products in eye surgervi against Cilcos 16 percent and Pharmacias 59 percent. Pharmacia, with the power Page 3 of 3 18 View as SUDS36/View of giant AB Fortia behind it, waged a continuing marketing war with Chem-Med, undercutting Chem-Med's prices and wooing its customers away at every opportunity. The matter came to a head in September 20XX, when Chem-Med filed a $13 million suit against Pharmacia, charging unfair trade practices Dr. Swan was reasonably confident that Chem- Med would prevail in the suit, and in fact, Pharmacia had recently offered to settle out of court for $500,000. Dr. Swan's primary problem was that although he was convinced the company was sound and would grow, he wasn't sure how to communicate that to potential investors in the financial community in a way that would convince them. Just handing out past income statements and balance sheets (shown in Tables 1 and 2) that he received from the accountants didn't seem to be enough. Further, he wasn't even sure the company needed outside financing, let alone how much. He just believed they would need it, since they had always had to ask for money in the past. Net sales (all credit) Cost of goods sold Gross profit Selling, etc expenses Other income (expenses)" Operating profit. Interest expense CHEM-MED COMPANY Income Statements 20XU-20W Pro Forma Income (in thousands) Statements 20x 20X 20X 20x 20X U V w Y 20XZ $ 777 $3,051 $3,814 $5,340 $7,475 $10,366 257 995 1,040 1.716 2.154 2,954 520 2,056 2,774 3,624 5,321 7,412 610 705 964 1.520 2,120 2,645 0 0 0 500 0 0 (90) 1.351 1.810 2.604 3.201 4,767 11 75 94 202 302 434 (101 1.276 1,716 2402 2.899 4333 Income before tax Income taxes (40 in 20X1.33% thereafter Net income 510 566 793 957 1.430 510115 766 $1.150 8. $1.609 S1943 $ 2.903 Pastics View as Text ntent/8306536/View Dividends paid 0 0 0 0 0 0 Increase in retained earnings $(101) $ 766 $1,150 $1,609 $1,942 $ 2,903 Average number of shares** 2,326 2,326 2,347 2,347 2,347 2,347 Earnings per share. ($0.04) $0.33 $0.49 $0.69 $0.83 $1.24 Qeher income (expense refers to extraordinary pains and loses in 2DXCC 5.900.000 spected from Pharmacie Inc, in settlement of the last Shares are not publicly traded TABLE 1 CHEM-MED COMPANY Balance Sheets (in thousands) Pro Forma Balance Sheets as of Dec. 31, years ended: 20x V 20x W 20XU 20xx 20XY 20XZ Assets Cash and equitalent S 124 $ 103 $167 $ 205 $ 422 $ 101 Accounts receivable 100 409 564 907 2,351 Inventories 151 302 960 1,102 1,495 1.443 57 798 Other current 28 59 29 41 11 Total current assets 403 873 1.720 2.255 3.417 3.261 2.298 2,917 4.301 5.531 1.901 31 8.923 82 Property, plant, & equipment Leis: Accumulated amortization Property plant equipment niet Other capital assets 346 413 588 1.520 2216 2.571 3.888 5.009 8335 101 200 200 213 399 Piret View as tent/8306536/View $2,223 $3,190 $4,491 $6,343 $8,641 $11,995 $210 $ 405 $ 551 $771 $1,080 $ 1,512 35 39 42 59 82 135 245 444 593 830 1,162 1,647 17 19 21 27 50 17 Total assets. Liabilities Accounts payable. Short-term debt Total current liabilities Long-term debt Total liabilities Equity Common stock Retained earnings Total equity Total liabilities and equity TABLE 2 262 463 614 857 1,212 1,664 2,062 2,062 2,062 2,062 5,366 (101) 2,062 2,062 665 1,815 2.727 3,877 $3,190 $4,491 1.961 3,424 5,486 56,343 7,428 8,269 10,331 $11.995 $2.223 $8,640 . Dr. Swan had lunch with his banker recently, and the banker mentioned several restrictive covenants the company would have to meet if it came to the bank for financing. The three covenants were The current ratio must be maintained above 2.25 to 1. The debt-to-assets ratio must be less than 0.3 to 1 Dividends cannot be paid unless earnings are positive. Dr. Swan didn't think he would have any trouble with those, but he wasn't sure. He would have to analyze the numbers before the next board of directors meeting, but he now had to meet with a representative of a supermarket chain. . As a financial advisor you are considering the addition of Chem-Med to your a clients portfolio, you are interested in the company's record of profitability.prospects for the future, degree of risk, and how it compares with others in the industry (shoni in Table 3). From that point of view, write a report to your client addressing the following questions: Biotechnology Industry Statistics-Median Company in Biological Products 20XU 20xv 20XW Parees View.as Te 25 23 2.4 1.2 1.1 1.3 Current ratio Quick ratio Inventory turnover. Total asset tumover... 55 5.6 5.7 115 1.16 1.18 Return on sales 4.00% 5.00% 4.00% 4.60% Return on assets. 4.64% 5.90% Return on equity Total debt to assets. 7.64% 8.44% 12.29% 0.40 0.45 0.52 Selected Statistics, Pharmacia Company 20XU 20XV 20XW 2.8 2.7 2.8 15 1.3 1.6 Current ratio Quick ratio Inventory turnover Total asset tumover 5.6 5.7 5.8 1.9 2 1.9 Return on sales 600 7.00% 6.50% 13.00% Return on assets 11.40 13.30 19.049 27.66% Return on equity Total debt to assets 29.569 0.40 0.53 0.35 Price earnings ratio 13, 14 13 $21.78 Average share price TABLE 3 $24.92 531 50 CONDUCTA GENERAL RESEARCH ON THE INTERNET) ON THE BIOTECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY IN CANADA AND SUMMARIZE YOUR KEY FINDINGS TO CAPTURE MARKET SIZE AND COMPETITIVE DYNASTICS OF THIS INDUSTRY Page 15 7 18
