Create a WH Framework chart, similar to Exhibit 2.1. Refer to L'Oreal's core values and the primary values in Exhibit 2.3 to determine the guidelines to include in the WH Framework. Write an explanation of how you decided on the list of stakeholders and guidelines to include in your WH Framework. Address the following questions in your explanation: Which stakeholders did Traszka and the management of L'Oreal cater to? Why? What values did L'Oreal's management choose when they made the decision to fire Trzaska? Why? Exhibit 2-2 The WH Process of Ethical Decision Making 1. W-WHO (Stakeholders): Consumers. Owners or investors Management Employees Community Future generations 2. H-HOW (Guidelines): Public disclosure Universalization Golden Rule Exhibit 2-3 Primary Values and Business Ethics VALUE Freedom Security Justice Efficiency ALTERNATIVE MEANINGS 1. To act without restriction from rules imposed by others 2. To possess the capacity or resources to act as one wishes 3. To escape the cares and demands of this world entirely 1. To possess a large-enough supply of goods and services to meet basic needs 2. To be safe from those wishing to interfere with your property rights 3. To achieve the psychological condition of self-confidence to such an extent that risks are welcome 1. To receive the products of your labor 2. To treat all humans identically, regardless of race, class, gender, age, and sexual preference 3. To provide resources in proportion to need 4. To possess anything that someone else is willing to grant you 1. To maximize the amount of wealth in society 2. To get the most from a particular output 3. To minimize costs 7 Universalization Test. A third general guideline shares with the other two a focus on the "other"-the stakeholders whom our actions affect. Before we act, the universalization test asks us to consider what the world would be like were our decision copied by everyone else. Applying the universalization test causes us to wonder aloud: "Is what I am about to do the kind of action that, were others to follow my example, makes the world a better place for me and those I love?" Apply the universalization test to the Case Nugget on the previous page to get a sense of how valuable it is as an ethical guide. Page 27 Another way to think of the public disclosure test is to view it as a ray of sunlight that makes our actions visible, rather than obscured. As Exhibit 2-5 suggests, the issue of transparency of behavior is often seen as a method of improving ethical behavior. The public disclosure test is sometimes called the "television test," for it requires us to imagine that our actions are being broadcast on national television. The premise behind the public disclosure test is that ethics is hard work, labor that we might avoid if we did not have frequent reminders that we live in a community. As a member of a community, our self-concept is tied, at least in part, to how that community perceives us.