Cybersecuirty NMap - Kali Linux- Port scanning

1.1. What ports are open on the scanme.nmap.org test server? Use a TCP connect scan. Your answer must include only the port numbers. Do not include other parts of nmap output. nmap -sT scanme.nmap.org 1.2. Using a TCP SYN scan, what ports do you find open on scanme.nmap.org? What do your enter in terminal to get your result? 1.3. Looking at the output of the two scans outside the ports listed, what differences do you find between the TCP connect and SYN scans? If there is no difference, then just write None below. If there is a difference, how do you account for it? 2.1. Some machines are behind a firewall, which filters connections to some ports, preventing nmap from receiving any response from those ports. Blocked ports may be listed as either filtered or closed. To see an example of such a scan, perform a TCP connect scan on www.example.com. Your answer must include port numbers for both closed and open ports. Do not include other parts of nmap output. nmap -sT www.example.com 2.2. To determine why a scan returns the results that it does, use the --reason option. Explain the reasons that ports are listed as open, closed, or filtered in the scan of www.example.com. nmap --reason -sT www.example.com 2.3. Try the scan on scanme.nmap.org again and determine the reasons why. For the following questions, you need not do any scans. Simply provide the necessary syntax. 3.1. What is the syntax if you want to do a TCP Connect port scan on google.com ports 1-1000? What is the syntax if you want to do a UDP port scan on 192.168.3.0 the whole subnet? With cidr of 24? 3.2. What is the syntax if you want to do an Ack scan on 192.168.3.2 ALL ports? 3.3. What is the syntax if you want to do a port scan on 192.168.3.2 scanning UDP ports? Do only ports for http, ftp, telnet. 3.4. What is the syntax if you want to do an Xmas port scan on 192.168.3.2 at insane speed? 3.5. What is the syntax if you want to do a port scan on 192.168.3.2 to find out what OS and services are running? 3.6. [removed question] 3.7. What is the syntax if you want to do an idle scan on 192.168.3.2 and your zombie is 192.168.3.23? 4. Find one tool from our books or lectures that we have not done in a homework assignment. Demonstrate the basic functionality with appropriate screenshots of it in use. Be sure to provide sufficient coverage of the tool. Make sure the tool does not require you to do active engagement for which you lack authorization. (You may test a tool in your home lab using another VM if you like, if applicable.) 5. Write two paragraphs giving a high level overview to the methodology of penetration testing, that we have come to, thus far, in our lectures. How do we do it? What are the steps? What happens in each step? You do not need to go into technical detail, but only stick to what we have covered in the lectures or the Engebretson book using the specific terms from his book and our lectures. At a high level, we explore it conceptually, so we do not need a lot of technical detail. You can mention specific tools as examples though.