Dale is having a conversation with Kate in a coffee shop when a "flash mob" of friends suddenly appears. The friends all start talking to Dale at the same time. He would be unable to continue his conversation with Kate because he is overwhelmed by the number of voices with which he would have to contend. What kind of attack does this resemble?

a$.$ denial of service

b$.$ distributed denial of service

c$.$ amplified attacks

d$.$ reflection attacks