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TITLE: DESIGN OF SEPARATION PROCESS OF MIXTURE OF PARAFFINS IN TO LIGHT AND HEAVY FRACTIONS

Aim: Use distillation column to construct Separation Process of Mixture of Paraffins in to Light and Heavy fractions.

Theory:

The resultant material is termed as a mixture when two or more elements or compounds combine together, not required in a specific ratio and do not contact chemically. Each of the mixture's components has its own set of physical characteristics. A blend of sand and water, for instance, retains the qualities of both sand and water. Homogeneous and heterogeneous mixes are the different sorts of combinations. A homogeneous mixture is one in which all of the elements are evenly distributed throughout the combination, whereas a heterogeneous mixture is one in which all of the elements are unequally dispersed throughout the combination.

A method for selectively separating and recovering large normal paraffins from a heavy kerosene boiling point fraction is given. Via an adsorption separation system, the heavy kerosene portion is passed which separates the regular paraffins from the paraffin mixture. With a lighter hydrocarbon diluent, the retrieved extract and raffinate streams are combined. To separates the adsorbent from the solvent and the heavier paraffins, the diluted extract and raffinate flows are processed through first fractionation stages.

Procedure:

1. Start a new case and select SRK as a Fluid Package. Enter the simulation environment. Add the components: Ethane, propane, n-butane, n-pentane and n-hexane.
2. Enter in the simulation environment, insert one material stream from the palette and enter following information:

Stream1: Name: Feed, Temperature: 222 F, Pressure: 242psia, Flowrate: 1100 Ibmole/hr, Composition (mole fraction): ethane= 0.05, propane= 0.25, n-butane= 0.30, n-pentane= 0.35 and n-hexane= 0.05.

3. Insert Distillation from the palette and double click on the column and connect the streams inside column.

Feed stream as inlet and the inlet stage is 6, change total number of trays 10, the two out let streams Top (Full reflex- condition) and Bottom products and two energy stream Q condenser and Q reboiler then click Next.

4. Select Once-through condition in Reboiler Configuration, then press to next. In the next window, insert the value of condenser pressure as 242 psia and reboiler as 252 psia, then press to next. In the next window (Optional information is required), click next tab, put the Reflux ratio as 6.0, and overhead flow as 222

Ibmole/hr, and then press to done. In the column environment Run the column. The column will be converged

Discussion:

In the research, there were two sorts of results: observations (as per the Lab Manual) and observations (as per the Exercise value). As a result, there was some difference among them.

At first, for lab manual data, the feed Temperature was inserted as 222 F, Pressure 242psia and Flowrate 1100Ibmole/hr., and for Composition (mole fraction): ethane= 0.05, propane= 0.25, nbutane= 0.30, n-pentane= 0.35 and n-hexane= 0.05. The results of temperature, pressure and molar flow were founded as follows:

Material Streams	Feed	Top	Bottom
Temperature	105.6	38.53	117.6
Pressure	1669	1669	1737
Molar Flow	499.0	100.7	398.3

From the schedule, the temperature, pressure and molar flow values of Bottom is higher than the Top.

The molar fraction of Ethane, Propane and n-Butane were founded as follows:

Compositions	Feed	Top	Bottom
Comp Mol Fraction (Ethane)	0.0500	0.2453	0.0006
Comp Mol Fraction (Propane)	0.2500	0.7490	0.1238
Comp Mol Fraction (n- Butane)	0.3000	0.0057	0.3744

Secondly, for exercise data, the feed Temperature was inserted as 226 F, Pressure 247psia and Flowrate 1003Ibmole/hr., and for Composition (mole fraction): ethane= 0.05, propane= 0.25, nbutane= 0.30, n-pentane= 0.35 and n-hexane= 0.05. The values of temperature, pressure and molar flow were founded as follows:

Material Streams	Feed	Top	Bottom
Temperature	107.8	39.55	120.2
Pressure	1703	1669	1737
Molar Flow	455.0	100.6	354.3

From the schedule above, the temperature, pressure and molar flow values of Bottom is higher than the Top. (Same as the lab manual data)

The molar fraction of Ethane, Propane and n-Butane were founded as follows:

Compositions	Feed	Top	Bottom
Comp Mol Fraction (Ethane)	0.0500	0.2246	0.0006
Comp Mol Fraction (Propane)	0.2500	0.7687	0.1027
Comp Mol Fraction (n- Butane)	0.3000	0.0067	0.3833

For both Lab manual data and exercise data, the values of temperature and pressure in Bottom is increased, and in Top is decreased. However, the molar flow values in top and bottom are decreased.

Conclusion:

In brief, the Separation Process of Mixture of Paraffins in to Light and Heavy fractions was constructed by using distillation column in Aspen HYSYS program. The values of Top and bottom were founded successfully and the difference between them was known. There was to values used, Lab Manual and student data. A distillation column is a necessary element in the distillation of liquid mixtures. to separate the mixture into its constituent components, or fractions It is employed, relying on variations in volatilities. Small-scale laboratory distillations and largescale industrial distillations both require fractionating columns.