Describe the following concepts, and fully answer the short answer questions.

Concepts

-Vibration

-Frequency

-Wave

-Amplitude

-Wavelength

-Period

-Wave speed

-Compression

-Rarefaction

-Pitch

-Reflection

-Refraction

-Natural frequency

-Forced vibration

-Resonance

-Interference

-Beats

-Doppler effect

-Bow-wave

-Shock wave

-Sonic boom

1. Compare transverse and longitudinal waves. Be sure to include the direction the medium vibrates when the waves move through the medium, and a description of compression and rarefaction.

2. Describe the two types of interference. How does interference produce beats?

3. How do soundwaves travel through a medium? What happens when the sound waves match the natural frequency of the medium?

4. What is the Doppler effect, and how is it produced? Cite two different examples (that were not used in class).

5. How are sonic booms produced? Why do we not hear sonic booms when subsonic objects, such as commercial airplanes pass over us?