1. Describe the fundamental flaw that prevents a pre-post design from being a true experiment. (That is, why can't these designs produce an unambiguous cause-effect explanation?) Explain how the series of observations before the treatment help reduce this problem.
2. Describe how the relationship between memory ability and age could be examined using a cross-sectional design.How would the relationship be examined with a longitudinal design?
3. Describe the strengths and weaknesses of the correlational research strategy.
4. Describe the third-variable problem and the directionality problem in correlational research.Explain how these problems make it impossible to obtain an unambiguous cause-effect conclusion from correlational research.
5. The regression line and regression to make predictions.The equation y=a+bx describes the line. What is the criterion variable and the predictor variable?Why is the line called the best fitting line?
6. Describe the three quantifying observational techniques. Describe the three sampling observational procedures.
7. Describe the three types of behavioral observation and briefly explain the circumstances under which is used.
8. Describe the three types of survey questions and outline the advantages and disadvantages of each.
9. Under what circumstances is a case study the preferred technique for gathering information?