Described below are five independent and unrelated situations involving accounting changes. Assume for each situation that it is 2021. Therefore, your solution and any entries will be prepared for 2021.

Also assume that it is before any adjusting entries or closing entries were made in 2021. Ignore income tax effects.

REQUIRED: For each situation below:

A Identify the type of change. B Identify if a Retrospective, Modified Retrospective, or Prospective is needed. C Prepare the 2021 journal entry necessary due to the situation, as well as any adjusting entry needed in 2021.

1 On January 1, 2018, Mackey Company purchased office equipment at a cost of $600,000. The company determined the useful life to be 5 years with $40,000 residual value. On January 1, 2021, the company adjusted the total useful life to 8 years with no residual value. Straight-Line Depreciation method is being used.

2 Sam's Sheds produces back yard storage sheds. In 2020 Sam's began providing a one year warranty. The warranty costs were expected to be approximately 2% of sales revenue. Sales in 2020 were $3,000,000. Because the waranty was new to Sam's business, Sam's forgot to do an accrual entry in 2020. During 2020, the company paid and expensed $20,000 of warranty costs.

3 Gibson Ironworks converted from the LIFO method of inventory to the FIFO method of inventory on January 1, 2021. Based on computations the December 31, 2020 ending inventory under FIFO would have been $250,000. The year end 2020 financial statements showed ending inventory at $175,000 under the LIFO method.

4 On December 31, 2020, Star Supply Company performed an inventory count and determined ending inventory to be $165,000. In March 2021, the accounting intern noticed that $40,000 of inventory was in transit at year end. This inventory was being shipped FOB shipping point and was owned by Star during shipment. The inventory in shipment was not included in the $165,000 inventory amount.

5 In May of 2020, Wiener Express, Inc. was sued by the State of Wisconsin for producing hotdogs that did not meet state processing standards. During 2020, Wiener recorded a $150,000 debit to Litigation Expense and a credit to Litigation Liability based on an attorney estimate that a fine would be probable and the best estimate was $150,000. In 2021, Wiener's attorney revised the estimate of the fine to $85,000 due to continued discussion with the State of Wisconsin.