Detailed analysis of the chosen factors that influenced on the accuracy of early-stage construction cost estimate and caused the final construction cost of the project to vary significantly from it.

• plant, labour and material shortages and price escalations
  • Compare material, labour and plant market information (availability and price)at the time when the estimate was prepared (2022) and the actual construction happened
  • Include what % of cost (approximate) of the project was affected with this factor
• higher bids from contractors due to less competition (caused by shortage of keen tenderers as a result of Covid)
  • Include what % of cost (approximate) of the project was affected with this factor
  • Compare bids from contractors before and during covid
• delays on site due to COVID shutdowns and work stop orders
  • Include what % of cost (approximate) of the project was affected with this factor
  • Compare delays due to covid and before covid