Diagram 1: Diagram the full electromagnetic spectrum Remember to organize it either by wavelength or frequency. ALSO: * Label at least 6 different types of light * Indicate where you would find light with the longest and the shortest wavelengths * Indicate where you would find light with the lowest and the highest energies * Indicate where you would find light with the highest and the lowest frequencies Diagram 2: Make a top-down view diagram of the solar system. (top down means you are looking down at a dinner plate, not sideways at the plate's edge) Include and label the following: * The Sun, and the names andorbits of all 8 planets * The names and orbits of at least 2 dwarf planets * The name and orbit of at least 2 moons * The Asteroid belt and the Kuiper Belt * The (partial) orbit of a comet (as much of it as you can fit on the page, anyway Diagram 1: Diagram the full electromagnetic spectrum Remember to organize it either by wavelength or frequency. ALSO: * Label at least 6 different types of light * Indicate where you would find light with the longest and the shortest wavelengths * Indicate where you would find light with the lowest and the highest energies * Indicate where you would find light with the highest and the lowest frequencies Diagram 2: Make a top-down view diagram of the solar system. (top down means you are looking down at a dinner plate, not sideways at the plate's edge) Include and label the following: * The Sun, and the names andorbits of all 8 planets * The names and orbits of at least 2 dwarf planets * The name and orbit of at least 2 moons * The Asteroid belt and the Kuiper Belt * The (partial) orbit of a comet (as much of it as you can fit on the page, anyway select one answer per question Multiple choice 1. What celestial motion is responsible for the following phenomenon? The stars rising on the eastern horizon and setting on the western A. The tilt of the earth's rotation axis B. The rotation of the earth on its axis C. The orbit of the moon around the earth D. The orbit of the earth around the sun 2. What celestial motion is responsible for the following phenomenon? In Yuma we experience different seasons, like summer and winter The tilt of the earth's rotation axis The rotation of the earth on its axis The orbit of the moon around the earth The orbit of the earth around the sun opwE 3. What motion is responsible for the following phenomenon? The constellations you see in your backyard at midnight are different in July and in December A. The tilt of the earth's rotation axis B. The rotation of the earth on its axis C. The orbit of the moon around the earth D. The orbit of the earth around the sun 4. The Earth is about 100 times more massive than the Moon. If the Earth experiences 200 Newton of gravitational force pulling it toward the Moon, how much force does the Moon experience pulling it toward the Earth? A. 100 Newtons B. 200 Newtons C. 20,000 Newtons D. 1/200 Newtons E. 1/20,000 Newtons 5. If we were able to count all of these large-scale structures, which would be the most plentiful or be the most numerous? A. Stars like our sun B. Galaxies like our Milky Way galaxy C. Galaxy superclusters like our Lainakea supercluster D. Galaxy groups like our Local Group E. Universes Observe the solar system orbits diagram below carefully to answer Q6-12; READ carefully! Labels are exactly where they are intended to be! Not every planet is labelled! 10. 11. 12. What can be found at position B? a) Jupiter b) Earth c)comet d) asteroids e) Mercury )P g) Uranus h) Neptune i) Venus j) Mars k) Saturn 1} the Sun What can be found at position A? a) Jupiter b) Earth c) comet d) asteroids e) Mercury ) Pluto g) Uranus h) Neptune i) Venus i) Mars k) Saturn 1} the Sun What can be found at position F? a) Jupiter b) Earth c)comet d) asteroids e) Mercury f) Pluto g) Uranus h) Neptune i) Venus i) Mars k) Saturn 1) the Sun What can be found at position D? a) Jupiter b) Earth c)comet d) asteroids e)Mercury f) Pluto g) Uranus h) Neptune i) Venus j) Mars k) Saturn 1} the Sun If you were one of the 8 planets (not a dwarf planet) around the sun, where would you be located if you had the fastest average orbital speed of those represented? alA b)B c)C dD e)E f)F g6 If you were floating in space at each of these positions, where would you feel the GREATEST amount of gravitational force from the Sun? a) A b) B cC dD e)E f)F gl G If you were floating in space at each of these positions, where would you feel the GREATEST amount of gravitational force from Mars? a)A b)B cC d)D e)E f)F g6 Using the thermal spectrum diagram below, answer Q13-Q18 Multiple choice 13. Which line of the five in the diagram represents the 19: Imagine two photons of light, Z and X. Photon Z has 6x times BE+11 coolest object? the frequency of Photon X. Which of the following is TRUE about A. Photon Z? monus Intensity or Power (kW) 6E+11 E A. Photon Z has 6x the amplitude of Photon X me B . Photon Z has the same amplitude as Photon X 14. Our sun has a surface Photon Z has the same wavelength as Photon X 4E+11 temperature of 5,800 Kelvins Uow Photon Z has 6x the wavelength of Photon X and a peak wavelength of about 500 nm. Which line is Photon Z has 1/6x the wavelength of Photon X 2E+11 most likely to represent our sun? 20: Imagine two new photons of light, W and G. Photon W has 1/2 A the wavelength of Photon G. Which of the following is NOT true imuo monos 500 1000 1500 2000 about Photon W? Wavelength / nm By 4C - Own work based on JPG version Curva Planck TT.jpg, CC BY-SA 3.0, A. Photon W has lower energy than Photon G https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1017820 B. Photon W has higher energy than Photon G 15. Antares, the brightest star in the constellation Scorpio, has a peak wavelength of about C. Photon W has a higher frequency than Photon G 800 nm. Which line is most likely to represent Antares? D. Photon W has a smaller wavelength than Photon G F . Photon W has the same speed as Photon G monas iDUOw 21: Which of the following types of light can reach Earth's surface, through the atmosphere? Select only one! 16. Toliman is one of the stars that is closest to Earth. It has a peak intensity of 5.5 x 1011 kW A. Black light (5.5E+11 kW). Which line is most likely to represent Toliman? B. UV light C. Visible light monod imuow D. X-ray light E. No type of light 17. We discover a new star called the Matador. It apparently has a surface temperature of about 8000 Kelvins. Which of the following values is most likely to be its peak wavelength? 22: Which of the following types of light is the best to use to A. 350 nm 650 nm study the Cosmic Microwave Background (which is the coldest 1050 nm 1200 nm temperature in the universe, 3 Kelvins)? HINT: Q13-Q18 and lab#4 mc 1500 nm A. Visible light 18. Our eyes can detect photons that have intensities greater than 2.0 x1011 kW B. Radio light (2E+11 kW), and wavelengths from about 400 nm to 700 nm. Which of the lines on C. No type of light the graph represents stars that we will be probably be able to see with our eyes? Pick D. X-ray light all that we will probably be able to see. E. Infrared light A. mMultiple choice Use this diagram of several different light waves to ans yer Q23-Q27 23: Which of the 4 different light waves is going the fastest? A. AN None of them 24: Which of the 4 different light waves B has the longest wavelength? A. A All of them 25: Which of the 4 different light waves has the smallest amplitude? A. A mono D No way to tell 26: Which of the 4 different light waves has the highest energy? A. A B. B C. D. D E. All of them 27: Which of the 4 different light waves is most likely to be representing gamma-ray light? A. A B. C. D. D E. Any of themMultiple choice if it is helpful, there is an HR diagram on the Multiple Choice Use the HR Diagram below to answer next page you can refer to Q33 and Q34, and maybe help with Q28-32. 28. Which type of star has the longest lifetime on the main sequence? It burns through its fuel the slowest of all the others. 28. Red dwarf 10,000 29. White dwarf 30. Brown dwarf 31. G type star 100 32. Protostar 33. O type star 34. A type star L/L(Sun) 1 29. Which type of star is the most common in our solar neighborhood and our galaxy? 01 A. Red dwarf White dwarf Brown dwarf .0001 D. G type star Protostar 40,000 20,000 10,000 5.000 2,500 O type star A type star Temperature (K) 30. Which type of star is not really a star, because it never starts fusing? 33. Where would a massive, hot, blue star that just started fusing Red dwarf hydrogen to helium in its core be found on the diagram? White dwarf a ) A b) B d) D e) E f) F Brown dwarf c) C g) G mmon G type star Protostar O type star 34. Where will the Sun be found on the diagram in five billion years? A type star a) A b) B c) C d) D e) E f) F g) G 31. Which type of star is not actually a star, because it is no longer fusing? A. Red dwarf 35. Which of these is NOT a part of the life of a low-mass star? White dwarf A. Main sequence Brown dwarf B. Helium flash G type star Planetary nebula Protostar D. Red supergiant O type star E. White dwarf A type star 32. Which type of star has the shortest lifetime or burns through its fuel the 36. Which of these is NOT true regarding a high mass star? fastest? A. It begins life on the main sequence as an O or B type star A. Red dwarf B. Its core will fuse hydrogen into helium White dwarf C. Its core will fuse silicon into iron Brown dwarf D. When its core collapses it will explode into supernova G type star E. After its death explosion, its core will remain as either a white dwarf or black Protostar dwarf O type star G. A type starMultiple choice: select one answer per question 37. Which of these events is the earliest in the history of the Universe, closest to the Big Bang? A. The Epoch of Reionization begins B. The first pair of interacting galaxies merges into a new galaxy C. The Cosmic Dark Ages begin D. The first saguaro cactus blooms in what will become Yuma E. The Cosmic Microwave Background is formed 38. Which of these is NOT a typical feature of elliptical galaxies? A. Usually quite large B. A spheroidal, egg-like shape C. A lot of gas, mostly cold D. A lot of stars, mostly red E. Usually has a supermassive black hole (sometimes active) 39. Which of these IS a typical feature of dwarf galaxies? A. Usually quite large B. A perfectly spherical shape C. Made entirely out of cheese D. A lot of gas, mostly cold E. A lot of star formation for their size 40. Which of these is NOT a typical feature of spiral galaxies? A. Usually has a supermassive black hole (sometimes active) B. A disk with a lot of recent star formation C. A lot of gas, mostly cold D. A central bulge of slightly older stars E. A flat disk made almost entirely out of red stars