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Outline a research question and hypothesis that interests you, and describe the key variables. This could be the research question you plan to use for your final project, but it does not have to be. What are the key variables? How could these variables be operationalized? Are there any ethical issues that arise when studying this topic? Also, be sure to label the independent and dependent variables.

A topic that really interests me is anxiety and how it affects genders differently. "Anxiety disorders occur in twice as often in women than men, and social and cultural factors likely play an important role in the development of anxiety in females, De Oliveira said" (Griffiths, 2021) The research question is Anxiety affects genders differently? Anxiety can affect anyone differently based on age, gender, and how they cope with it. My hypothesis is that women experience a higher level of anxiety than men. "Anxiety disorders are the most common class of mental disorders, affecting nearly 1 in 5 adults in the U.S. (Kessler et al., 2005). One of the most widely documented findings in psychiatric epidemiology is that women are significantly more likely than men to develop an anxiety disorder throughout the lifespan (Angst & Dobler-Mikola, 1985; Bruce et al., 2005; Regier et al., 1990). The National Comorbidity Survey (NCS; conducted from 1990 to 1992) found that lifetime prevalence rates for any anxiety disorder were 30.5% for women and 19.2% for men (Kessler et al., 1994)."(McLean et al., 2011) The key variables are age, gender, anxiety, women with different signs and symptoms of anxiety, and men with different signs and symptoms of anxiety which would be my independent variables. My dependent variables would be men and women who have no symptoms and signs of anxiety. These variables can be operationalized by using the amount of anxiety someone feels and how often. There are a few other factors that can affect how anxiety impacts men and women, such as hormones, biological factors, and triggers. An ethical issue that can arise when studying the topic is my bias. I have some background in having anxieties and have an opinion that women tend to have more concerns than men.

References:

Griffiths, C. (2021, July 7).Researchers study anxiety differences between females and males. news. Retrieved February 8, 2023, fromhttps://medicine.iu.edu/news/2021/07/researchers-study-anxiety-differences-between-females-and-males#:~:text=Anxiety%20disorders%20occur%20in%20twice,in%20females%2C%20De%20Oliveira%20said.

McLean, C. P., Asnaani, A., Litz, B. T., & Hofmann, S. G. (2011). Gender differences in anxiety disorders: prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness.Journal of psychiatric research,45(8), 1027-1035.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.03.006