Digital adaptation of individual technology has been in studies by various scholars during last few years, whereby social media in hospitality and tourism, app adoption, ICT infrastructures, e-business models in tourism e-content mobile integration, augmented and virtual reality being studied by several scholars. Moreover, the strategic importance of leadership attribute and its affection towards successful digital transformation is being discussed frequently by the scholars. However, it is considered to be a critical part of the puzzle leadership in combination if a digital transformation in technology acceptance remains scarce. Moreover, within Malaysian perspective, despite socioeconomic importance of digital transformation, there are no research has been found so far concerning the theoretical standpoint of innovation adoption, digital transformation, and integration of leadership in the hotel industry in Malaysia. Exploring these research gaps will support the hotel sector in Malaysia and hotel industry globally to compile empirical evidence to digital transformation, and its adoption characteristics.

(a) Write the general objective and two specific objectives for the study.

(b) Write two research questions for this study.

(c) Draw a schematic diagram for the theoretical concept.

(d) Identify the exogenous, endogenous, mediating, and moderating variables

(e) Write four testable hypotheses

Studies often utilize volunteers how does the use of volunteers affect population validity?

Why do studies with good internal validity often have poor external validity? Give an example of a situation where enhancing internal validity might impair external validity