Dr. Smythe, a consumer behaviour researcher, wants to study whether purchasing expensive luxuries leads to "buyer's remorse." To do this, Dr. Smythe plans to distribute one questionnaire to a sample of individuals who saw an ad for a luxury item; and then, at a later date, distribute a second questionnaire to a sub-sample of the same individuals who also purchased the item so she can ask them how they feel about their purchase. Which of the following sampling approaches would Dr. Smythe be most likely to use for her project? a. Double sampling b. Area sampling c. Judgement sampling d. Convenience sampling Dr. Morgendorffer wants to develop a questionnaire that measures employees' burnout. But during her literature review, she learns that burnout is a variable with three separate dimensions: exhaustion, cynicism, and detachment. Which of the following checks will help ensure that Dr. Morgendorffer's burnout questionnaire is valid? a. Ensuring that the dimensions represent parallel forms of the questionnaire b. Ensuring that the items across all three dimensions are correlated with each other c. Ensuring that there is a high level of stability for each of the three dimensions d. Ensuring that all three dimensions have been adequately represented in the questionnaire Ronald, a marketing consultant, is hired by a restaurant chain that wants to open a new location. To help with this, Ronald asks residents in multiple different neighbourhoods to indicate how interested they would be in a new restaurant, using a five-point Likert scale. Ronald finds that the average rating on his scale for one neighbourhood is 2.2 out of 5 ; whereas the average rating for a different neighbourhood is 4.4 out of 5. Ronald happily tells his client that the second neighbourhood is twice as interested in having a new restaurant. Why should the client be doubtful about Ronald's conclusion? a. He failed to employ a pre-test versus post-test approach. b. He did not use a consensus scale to measure the level of agreement between different residents. c. He did not use a consensus scale to measure the level of agreement Ronald, a marketing consultant, is hired by a restaurant chain that wants to open a new location. To help with this, Ronald asks residents in multiple different neighbourhoods to indicate how interested they would be in a new restaurant, using a five-point Likert scale. Ronald finds that the average rating on his scale for one neighbourhood is 2.2 out of 5 ; whereas the average rating for a different neighbourhood is 4.4 out of 5. Ronald happily tells his client that the second neighbourhood is twice as interested in having a new restaurant. Why should the client be doubtful about Ronald's conclusion? a. He failed to employ a pre-test versus post-test approach. b. He did not use a consensus scale to measure the level of agreement between different residents. c. He did not use a consensus scale to measure the level of agreement between different residents. d. He cannot guarantee that his Likert scale values functioned like real numbers. Researchers are planning a study where they will interview minors. The researchers are trying to balance considerations about individuals' autonomy in this potentially vulnerable population; and to achieve this balance, they decide to obtain consent from both the participants as well as from their parents or guardians. Which of the following core ethical principles does this decision relate to? Select one: a. Participant Welfare b. Debriefing c. Respect for Persons d. Justice Javid was hired to assess whether a hospital's teambuilding program increased commitment among their nurses. The hospital claimed that their program worked, because the nurses reported higher commitment on average after the training finished. However, Javid noticed that several nurses had quit and left the hospital between the twis measures. Which of the following threats to internal validity might cause Javid to distrust the hospital's claim that their program worked? a. A lack of generalizability (external validity) b. An instrumentation effect c. A mortality (attrition) effect d. A history effect Javid was hired to assess whether a hospital's teambuilding program increased commitment among their nurses. The hospital claimed that their program worked, because the nurses reported higher commitment on average after the training finished. However, Javid noticed that several nurses had quit and left the hospital between the two measures. Which of the following threats to internal validity might cause Javid to distrust the hospital's claim that their program worked? a. A lack of generalizability (external validity) b. An instrumentation effect c. A mortality (attrition) effect d. A history effect A marketing researcher wants to examine whether including signals of corporate social responsibility in ads will increase the chance of customers purchasing a product. If the researcher specifically wanted to establish whether there is a true cause-and-effect relationship between corporate social responsibility and purchase intentions, which research design would be the most appropriate choice? a. Experimental study b. Survey study c. Case study d. Field study