Duluth Ranch, Incorporated purchased a machine on January $1,2021.$ The cost of the machine was $$38,000.$ Its estimated

residual value was $$12,000$ at the end of an estimated $5-$year life. The company expects to produce a total of $20,000$ units. The

company produced $1,400$ units in $2021$ and $1,850$ units in $2022.$

Required:

a$.$ Calculate depreciation expense for $2021$ and $2022$ using the straight$-$line method.

b$.$ Calculate the depreciation expense for $2021$ and $2022$ using the units$-$of$-$production method.

c$.$ Calculate depreciation expense for $2021$ through $2025$ using the double$-$declining balance method.