During a recent economic downturn, executives of a national home goods retailer decided to permanently close $12$ stores $($out of $267)$ to ensure the long$-$term viability of the business. Closing these locations put hundreds of employees out of work and negatively affected $12$ local communities. However, this decision will ultimately save the company millions of dollars and benefit many stockholders and other stakeholders. The benefits of closing the stores outweigh the benefits of keeping them open. Keeping the stores open would be advantageous for many fewer people than closing the stores. This logic is an example of the $\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_$ approach to deciding ethical dilemmas.