During January, Shorten Chemicals Pty Ltd produced 1,000 units of a special product called Stannous Sulphate. The accounting records indicated the following: Direct material purchased 36,000 kilograms @ $2.76 per kilogram Direct material used 19,000 kilograms Direct labour 4,200 hours @ $36 per hour Stannous Sulphate has the following standard prime costs: Direct material: 20 kilograms @$2.70 kilogram $54.00 Direct labour hours: 4 hours @34 per hour 136.00 Standard prime cost per unit $190.00 For the month of January the accounting records show the following relating to overheads: Standard variable overhead rate $5 per machine hour Standard quantity of machine hours 2 hours per unit of output Budgeted fixed overheads $18,000 Budgeted output 1,200 units Actual results for January Actual output 1,000 units Actual variable overhead $12,000 Actual fixed overhead $19,500 Actual machine time 2,500 machine hours Required: 1 For the month of January, calculate the following variances, indicating whether each is favourable or unfavourable: (a) Direct material price variance. (b) Direct labour efficiency variance. (c) Variable overhead spending variance (d) Variable overhead efficiency variance (e) Fixed overhead budget variance (f) Fixed overhead volume variance