(E) PRODUCT BASED 1. Value analysis and value enginering 2. Product diversification 3. Standardisation and simplification 4. Reliability engineering 5. Product mix and promotion. (F) TASK BASED 1. Management style 2. Communication in the organisation 3. Work culture 4. Motivation 5. Promotion group activity 1: A company produces 160 kg of plastic moulded parts of acceptable quality by consuming 200 kg of raw materials for a particular period. For the next period, the output is doubled (320 kg) by consuming 420 kg of raw material and for a third period, the output is increased to 400 kg by consuming 400 kg of raw materal. During the first year, production is 160 kg Output 160 Productivity = = 0.8 or 80% Input 200 For the second year, production is increased by 100% Output 320 Productivity = 0.76 or 76% Input 420 For the third period, production is increased by 150% Output 400 Productivity = 1.0, i.e., 100% 1 Input = 400 X10 From the above illustration it is clear that, for second period, though production has doubled, productivity has decreased from 80% to 76% for period third, production is increased by 150% and correspondingly productivity increased from 80% to 100%. ILLUSTRATION 2 : The following information regarding the output produced and inputs consumed for a particular time period for a particular company is given below: Output Rs. 10,000 Human input Rs. 3.000 Material input Rs. 2.000 Capital input Rs. 3.000 Energy input Rs. 1.000 Other misc. input Rs. 500 The values are in terms of base year rupee value. Compute various productivity indices