Each of the following exercises presents a flawless formal proof of validity for the indicated argument. For each, state the justification for each numbered line that is not a premise. 1. 1. AB 2. (AC)D AD 3. A 4. AC 5. D 6. AD 3. 1.IJ 2. JK 3. LM 4. IL KM 5. IK 6. (IK)(LM) 7. KM *5. 1. QR 2. S(TU) 3. S(QT) 4. S RU 5. TU 6. (QR)(TU) 7. QT 8. RU 7. 1. (AB)C 2. (CB)[A(DE)] 3. AD DE 4. A 5. AB 6. C 7. CB 8. A(DE) 9. DE 2. 1. (EF)(GH) 2. (EG)(FH) 3. G H 4. EF 5. GH 6. H 4. 1. NO 2. (NO)P 3. (NP) N 4. N(NO) 5. NP 6. N(NP) 7. N 6. 1. WX 2. (WY)(ZX) 3. (WX)Y 4. Z X 5. W(WX) 6. WY 7. ZX 8. X 8. 1. FG 2. F(HG) 3. (IH)G 4. I H 5. IH 6. G 7. F 8. HG 9. H Methods of Deduction 9. 1. IJ 2. I(KJ) 3. LK 4. (IJ) LJ 5. I(IJ) 6. I 7. KJ 8. K 9. L 10. LJ *10. 1. (LM)(NO) 2. (PQ)(MQ) 3. {[(PQ)(RS)] (NO)}[(RS)(LM)] 4. (PQ)(RS) 5. NO (MQ)(NO) 6. [(PQ)(RS)](NO) 7. (RS)(LM) 8. (RS)(NO) 9. [(PQ)(MQ)]. [(RS)(NO)] 10. (MQ)(NO)