Eighteen per cent of multinational companies provide an allowance for personal long-distance calls for executives living overseas. Suppose a researcher thinks that multinational companies are having a more difficult time recruiting executives to live overseas and that an increasing number of companies are providing an allowance for personal long-distance calls to these executives to ease the burden of living away from home. To test this claim, a new study is conducted by randomly sampling 376 multinational companies. Twenty two per cent of these surveyed companies are providing an allowance for personal long-distance calls to executives living overseas.

a) Has the proportion of multinational companies that provide an allowance for personal long-distance calls for executives living overseas increased? Use the p-value approach at the 1% level of significance.

b) interpret p value