Elise, a college student, thought it would be funny to blow cigarette smoke in the faces of the staunchest anti-smokers she knew. The flaw in her plan was she was a novice who did not know how to smokehow to hold a cigarette, what it means to inhale. Elise thought she could start with basic smoking and then move to blowing smoke in rings. She acquired a package of cigarettes and, sitting on her dormitory bed, lit one to practice this new activity. Lighting a cigarette, as Elise knew, violated dormitory rules: Elise thought she was alone and that nobody would know what she was doing. Elise found inhalation difficult and decided to abandon her malevolent plan, but not before her cigarette smoke wafted into a nearby room occupied by Johanna. Johanna experienced coughing and shortness of breath.

Analyze all potential liability and defenses.