Empathy among police officers influences how they interact with citizens and the likelihood that they receive complaints. Gender differences in levels of empathy in the general population are not large but male and female officers have been shown to have different interaction styles with the public; this may be due to the different empathy levels. After sampling officers and measuring their levels of empathy you find the following data.

Males

Females

n= 6

n= 9

M= 31

M= 45

SS= 490

SS= 680

If you were going to make gender comparisons like this, which option would be the correct choice?Write A or B in the box.

Option A. Independent-measures t test

Option B. Repeated-measures t test

Based on these results, is there a significant difference between the attitudes for males and for females? Use a two-tailed test with= .05. (Use 3 decimal places.)

t-critical =

t=

What is your conclusion?Write A, B, C, or D in the box.

Option A. Reject the null hypothesis, there is a significant difference in empathy between male and female officers.

Option B. Accept the null hypothesis, there is not a significant difference in empathy between male and female officers

Option C. Reject the null hypothesis, there is not a significant difference in empathy between males and females

Option D. Accept the null hypothesis, there is a significant difference in empathy between males and females.

Computer², the percentage of variance accounted for by the gender difference, to measure effect size for this study. (Use 3 decimal places.)

r²=