Empire Inc. has an October 31 year end. On October 31, 2021, the company accrues a bonus of $250,000, payable to Joan Betz, the president of the company.

Required: For each of the following cases, indicate the taxation year in which the company can deduct the bonus, as well as the taxation year in which Ms. Betz would have to include it in her income.

Case A The bonus is paid on November 1, 2021.

Case B The bonus is paid on January 1, 2022.

Case C The bonus is paid on June 30, 2022.

Case D The bonus is paid on January 1, 2025.