Every nation's economic development depends on the transportation industry. Zambia is primarily dependent on its transit infrastructure for international and local trade. Tanzania Zambia Railway line is a vital part for trade and business linking Zambia to Tanzania, running from Dar-es Salaam in Tanzania through Nakonde to Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia. The train line is 1,860 kilometers long, including 1,100 kilometers in Tanzania and 760 kilometers in Zambia (www.tazarasite.com) The status of TAZARA has been deteriorating for a long time culminating in inefficiencies and lags in the movement of commodities. The TAZARA system has faced several problems that have hampered its performance. Poor infrastructure, insufficient maintenance, as well as minimal investment have afflicted the railway line (African Development Bank Group, 2018, International Trade Centre, 2021). Some railway truck lines have gotten worse as a result, which has decreased efficiency and raised TAZARA expenses (Mulenga & Lusaya, 2019) The rail route has been afflicted by inefficiencies such as poor speeds, derailments, loading and unloading challenges Inefficiencies in goods movement caused by the poor condition of the Tanzania-Zambia railway network have resulted in increased expenses for enterprisesand consumers, lowering productivity and competitive advantage(International Trade Centre, 2021) Likewise, the drop in the quantity of products moved has had a negative impact on the Zambian economy (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, 2019). In consequence, TAZARAissuffering a number of operational issues namely as outlined below; TAZARA train stations including Kapiri-Mposhi, Mkushi, Serenje, Mpika, Kasama, Makasa and Nakonde do not have conventional loading and unloading bays whereby trucks may arrive and pick up or load the majority of heavy cargos that require transportation The locomotive's engines are ancient and obsolete, making spare components for repairs challenging to find. While the train is running, few people utilize it because of its poor pace and frequent breakdowns, rendering it untrustworthy for commerce. Since their initial installation, several of the bridges, railroads, and sleepers are yet to bechanged, which has an impact on how fast the train can run. The structures at the rail terminals are quite dilapidated, with bad restrooms, bad waiting areas, and few places for passengers to sleep or find leisure while they wait for a train

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