Exercise 2:

Use the data from Table 1 below to prepare a bar chart comparing the number of male and female deaths from accidents, cancer, heart disease and diabetes. [Note: Show two bars for each category of death, but distinguish them by different colors or patterns.]

Table 1: Leading Causes of Death in the United States 2005 Data

	Male	Female	Total
Diseases of the heart	322,841	329,250	652,091
Malignant neoplasms	290,422	268,890	559,312
Cerebrovascular diseases	56,586	86,993	143,579
Chronic lower respiratory diseases	62,435	68,498	130,933
Alzheimers disease	20,559	51,040	71,599
Accidents (unintentional injuries)	76,375	41,434	117,809
Diabetes mellitus	36,538	38,581	75,119
Influenza and pneumonia	28,052	34,949	63,001
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis	21,268	22,663	43,901
Septicemia	15,322	18,814	34,136
Essential (primary) hypertension and	9,458	15,444	24,902
Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis	17,937	9,593	27,530
Total	957,793	986,119	1,943,912

• Source: National Center for Health Statistics:
• http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr52/nvsr5203.pdf

Exercise 3:

What type of average would be most appropriate for determining (a) the average income of employees of Sacred Heart Hospital; (b) a course grade where projects count 15%, quizzes 30%, and exams 55%; (c) the average % increase in the healthcare costs over the five-year period.

Exercise 4:

A group of recent marketing graduates from a small liberal arts university have jobs ranging from selling shoes at $18,000/yr. to playing professional basketball at $1.5 million/yr. Current salaries for the 22 graduates are (in $000): 24, 20, 32, 36, 18, 28, 42, 37, 20, 27, 52, 31, 45, 33, 20, 1500, 23, 38, 27, 31, 36, 40.

• What is the mean salary for these graduates?
• Suppose the university wished to publish a brochure for prospective students, and include some indication of the average salary of recent graduates in various disciplines. Compute the average that best represents the central tendency of the data on marketing graduates.
• Explain your choice of one average over other averages for the data.
• Is the distribution symmetrical? Why or why not?
• Exercise 5

Baxter Pharmaceuticals has developed a new drug, TPC, designed to maintain a certain viral blood cell count at 600 points plus or minus a few percents. In support of their application to distribute the drug nationally, Baxter submitted sample data to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on 125 of the 3,000 patients who used the drug on a trial basis. For the 125 patients tested, the average viral count was 560; however, the FDA withheld permission to distribute the drug because the 560 was 40 points below the 600 expected. To gain approval, Baxter decided to phone the attending physicians of all 3,000 patients who were using the drug on the trial basis. Upon receiving all these data they found that the average viral count was 596. Baxter summarized the results of the survey, sent the data to the FDA, and ultimately received their approval.

What are the respective values of the parameter and statistic in this study?

Respective values of parameter: average viral count 596

Respective values of statistic: average viral count 560

How would you explain the difference between the population value and the sample statisticassuming the population value was correct and the sampling procedure was appropriate?

Sampling error

Identify some possible sources of error.

-population to small, could have been a population is the same location, same gender/age

• Exercise 6

Use the data in World Health.xls (posted into blackboard in the Assignments folder) to analyze life expectancy in the world. Determine the mean, median, mode, range, variance, and standard deviation for CIA life expectancy total, male, and female. What do these numbers show?

• Exercise 7

The following is the number of minutes to commute from home to work for a group of nurses. A frequency distribution needs to be developed:

18 5 48 37 41 19 2 26 16 13

26 21 32 25 30 43 35 42 38

1. How many classes would you recommend?
2. What class size would you suggest?
3. Organize the data into a frequency distribution (both absolute and relative).
4. Organize data into a histogram.
5. Organize data into a cumulative frequency polygon.
6. Comment on the distribution (lowest, highest, most common)

• Exercise 8:

For an equipment used in hospital, the data shown below indicate the battery lifetime in hours:

Classes	Frequency
10 - 15	6
15 - 20	3
20 - 25	12
25 - 30	15
30 - 35	21
35 40	3

Compute the mean and the standard deviation of this distribution.

• Exercise 9:

A sample of the hourly wages of 15 employees at one of the Hospitals in Spokane was organized into the following table:

Hourly Wages ($)	Number of Employees
8 up to 10	3
10 up to 12	7
12 up to 14	4
14 up to 16	1
Total	15

Compute the mean and standard deviation of the hourly wages.

• Exercise 10:

Answer the following questions:

What is the level of measurement for each of the following variables?

Distance nurses travel to Sacred Heart Hospital: ratio

A classification of patients by the state of birth: nominal

A classification of employees by ethnicity: nominal

A classification of workers by industry: nominal

Selling price of the Statistics for Nursing textbook: ratio

Student IQ ratings: interval

Number of hours nurses work per week: ratio

Patient satisfaction with the service provided by the hospital: ordinal

A classification of patients by gender: nominal

A patients temperature: interval

Degree of pain expressed by a patient (measured on a 1 to 10 scale): ordinal

For each of the following variables state whether they are quantitative or qualitative.

Gender: qualitative

Number of beds in ICU: quantitative

Distance of the hospital from downtown: quantitative

Selling price: quantitative

Healthcare costs: quantitative

Ethnicity: qualitative

Years of experience: quantitative

For each of the following variables state whether they are discrete or continuous.

Weight of a patient: continuous

Number of patients in a unit: discrete

Number of beds in CICU: discrete

Yearly rainfall in Spokane: continuous

The time a patient waits to obtain a service: continuous