Explain and summarize paragraphs separately. (Paraphrasing means paraphrasing someone else's thoughts in your own wrds with roughly the same level of detail. Summarizing is reducing the most important parts of someone else's work into a shorter form.)

Original Passage Movies are very, very focused on defeating the villain and getting your reward, and there's not a lot of room for other relationships and other journeys. It's almost as though if you're a boy, you are a dopey animal, and if you are a girl, you should bring your warrior costume There are plenty of exceptions, but in general they do send a message to boys, that they are not really the target audience. They are doing a phenomenal job of teaching girls how to defend against the patriarchy, but they are not necessarily showing boys how they're supposed to defend against the patriarchy. There's no models for them. Paraphrase Summary Original Passage With only 2 elephant species left out of 600, the danger of extinction is imminent. If the population in any particular area drops below 100 individuals (as it has in several parks), that population is virtually doomed, having entered an "extinction vortex." Continued inbreeding leads to genetic deterioration, which results in fewer reproductive males and females being born. The numbers begin to drop, and the cycle continues until the population completely dies out. Evidence of this genetic deterioration can be seen in elephant tusks, which are gradually becoming smaller. All elephants with exceptionally large tusks have already been poached. Paraphrase Summary Original Passage Magellan's circumnavigation [of the globe] forever altered the Western world's ideas about cosmology - the study of the universe and our place in it - as well as geography. It demonstrated, among other things, that the earth was round, that the Americas were not part of India but were actually a separate continent, and that oceans covered most of the earth's surface. The voyage conclusively demonstrated that the earth is, after all, one world. But it also demonstrated that it was a world of unceasing conflict, both natural and human. The cost of these discoveries in terms of loss of life and suffering was greater than anyone could have anticipated at the start of the expedition. [The voyagers] had survived an expedition to the ends of the earth, but more than that, they had endured a voyage into the darkest recesses of the human soul. (Lawrence Bergreen, Over the Edge of the World) Paraphrase Summary