explanation for the answers

exercising an early repayment option on a long-term senior borrowing 23. When considering interest rate risk in the banking book, retain demand deposits without fixed contractual maturity: A. should be assumed to have zero duration B. should be treated like other instantly variable rate liabilities, such as overnight money market borrowing. C. should be assumed to have a low correlation with money market reference rates D. represent a minor contributor to interest rate risk and can safely be disregarded 24. If the duration gap is zero, how will a small parallel shift in interest rates affect the market value of the bank's equity? A. If interest rates rise, the market value of equity will increase B. If interest rates rise, the market value of equity will decrease C. The bank is immunised from changes in interest rates. . The market value of equity will decrease due to an increase in interest rates