Explore the fundamental principles and applications of mass transfer in chemical engineering processes. Discuss the mechanisms of mass transfer, including diffusion, convection, and molecular migration, and their significance in various unit operations such as distillation, absorption$,$ and extraction. Highlight the role of mass transfer in enhancing reaction kinetics, separation efficiency, and product quality in industrial settings. Furthermore, examine the theoretical models and experimental techniques used to analyze and optimize mass transfer processes. Conclude by considering future advancements and challenges in mass transfer research and their implications for improving the sustainability and efficiency of chemical engineering processes.