Fill in the blanks: a. Ideally, a budget formalizes management's in quantitative terms and breaks these down into operational objectives. b. assist planning for long- term investing needs, such as the addition of equipment. C. forecast cash needs for an organization over shorter periods. d. are designed to judge the performance of an individual segment or manager, usually over one quarter or a fiscal year. e. Ideally, under a model, all levels of relevant management and staff jointly contribute to setting operational goals. f. Under a model, a manager requests input into the budgeting process from subordinates, but determines the final budget independently. g. The traditional budgeting process can be divided into , and stages. h. A numerically-based encapsulates and quantifies the objectives of the organization that arise from its strategic planning process into shorter time periods, such as a fiscal year or quarter. i. In the _ stage, the operating budget provides a projected standard against which actual results can be compared and issues identified. j. requires that every line