FINAL EXAMS DATABASE CCI2-1-1 Global perspectives 1) ________ in Germany give(s) employees the right to participate in personnel decisions. A) Collective bargaining B) Work councils C) Board representatives D) Unionization 2) Research shows that a great deal of tension and difficulty arises in global teams due to ________. A) groupthink B) diversity C) miscommunication D) time zone differences 3) A global team member from China would be likely to be ________. A) less productive in a team than on his own B) more productive in a team than on his own C) equally productive on his own and on a team D) more productive on his own than in a team 4) In which country is equity meant to closely link pay to performance? A) Mexico B) Japan C) United States D) Greece 5) In a global team, team members should guard against ________, which can be a source of discord and resentment among team members. A) ambiguity B) stereotyping C) risk D) diversity 6) In which kinds of cultures does goal-setting theory work best? A) high power distance, high uncertainty avoidance B) low power distance, high uncertainty avoidance C) low power distance, low uncertainty avoidance D) high power distance, low uncertainty avoidance 7) A member of a global team from a country that has high uncertainty avoidance may have problems dealing with this. A) authority B) risk C) following orders D) sharing information 8) A Latin-American member of a global team might show undue respect to another team member because of that member's ________. A) ethnicity B) physical ability C) age D) family heritage 9) This is one thing that global teams usually fail to attain. A) team goals B) consensus C) team cohesiveness D) organizational goals 10) A major benefit of global teams is ________. A) little stereotyping B) idea diversity C) groupthink D) minimal distrust 11) A global team member from Israel would be ________ to engage in social loafing as a team member from Canada. A) equally likely B) somewhat more likely C) less likely D) much more likely 12) To improve workplace diversity, a manager might ________. A) post a notice that states he is an equal opportunity employer B) tighten his recruiting net C) solicit referrals from existing employees D) advertise in ethnic newspapers and Internet sites 13) With respect to employee engagement in a job, this seems to be the most important factor to employees around the world. A) respect B) base pay C) benefits D) type of work 14) Team diversity generally leads to ________ in overall team performance. A) an immediate increase B) a dramatic decrease C) an eventual decrease D) an eventual increase 15) A major drawback of using global teams is ________. A) knowledge differences B) cultural differences C) skill differences D) personality differences 16) Across cultures, the need for achievement seems to correlate with which of the following? A) little acceptance of risk B) need for security C) acceptance of risk D) need for money 17) One factor that seems to motivate workers across all cultures is seeking ________. A) high status B) easy work C) shorter working hours D) interesting work 18) Most leadership theories were developed in the United States, causing them to stress ________. A) altruism over self-gratification B) rationality over spirituality C) spirituality over rationality D) both rationality and spirituality 19) In countries with high levels of uncertainty avoidance, which of the following would you expect? A) little acceptance of risk and high achievement need B) little acceptance of risk and low achievement need C) high acceptance of risk and high achievement need D) high acceptance of risk and low achievement need 20) Managers in Germany and the United States would probably agree that the most important factor for job performance is ________. A) social skills B) agreeableness C) emotional stability D) conscientiousness CCI1-1-1 - Discipline Specific Knowledge and Skills 21) HR managers can estimate human resource needs by evaluating which of the following? A) employment and unemployment statistics B) how competitors are performing C) demand for the organization's product D) the general state of the economy 22) What do the written essay, critical incidents, graphic rating scales, and BARS evaluation methods have in common? A) They compare individuals against standards. B) They rank employees by performance. C) They compare one employee to his or her peers. D) They are multiperson comparisons. 23) Which of the following is the best way to evaluate a training program? A) actual job performance of trainees B) how costly the method is C) how much information trainees retain D) how much trainees say they learned 24) A light-hitting baseball player who is suddenly asked to be a power hitter and hit home runs would be likely to experience ________ stress. A) role ambiguity B) role conflict C) role overload D) role demand 25) When a manager attempts to buy off a key leader who opposes change by offering her a promotion, he is using which of the following methods of reducing resistance to change? A) coercion B) manipulation C) negotiation D) co-optation 26) Kurt Lewin's "calm waters" metaphor sees change as ________. A) the natural state of things B) unfortunate C) an unusual event D) avoidable 27) George constantly strives to excel. He must always get the highest grade in the class and has a sense of urgency about him at all times. George probably has which of the following? A) Type A personality B) neither Type A nor Type B personality C) both Type A and Type B personalities D) Type B personality 28) Kara is a very relaxed, easygoing person who appears to have all the time in the world. She is never too busy to stop and chat for a moment. Kara has which of the following? A) Type B personality B) neither Type A nor Type B personality C) Type A personality D) both Type A and Type B personalities 29) Which of the following might reduce a sense of task demand stress for a worker? A) autonomy in the workplace B) uncomfortably high temperatures in the workplace C) close monitoring by her supervisor D) overcrowded conditions 30) The goal in Lewin's "calm waters" metaphor is ________. A) to eliminate the equilibrium state B) to reach a state of constant change C) to change the current equilibrium stateD) to establish a new equilibrium state 31) After a thorough company-wide self-examination, company Y decides to set up work teams. This is an example of ________. A) an internal change causing an external change B) an internal change causing another internal change C) an external change causing an internal change D) an external change causing another external change 32) Workers in a company are complaining about a new employee evaluation system. Which kind of resistance to change are they demonstrating? A) resistance to protect company goals B) resistance because of uncertainty C) resistance to protect market share D) resistance out of habit 33) To compete with rival company X, company Y changes its management structure. This is an example of ________. A) an internal change causing another internal change B) an internal change causing an external change C) an external change causing another external change D) an external change causing an internal change 34) Workers seem to reject a simple new manufacturing method that has been shown to increase company sales because they say, "That is not the way we do things around here." These workers are most likely to be resisting change due to which of the following? A) habit B) uncertainty C) fear of the unknown D) conflicts with company goals 35) A baseball player in a slump who feels stress from trying to raise his batting average is experiencing ________ stress. A) interpersonal B) role conflict C) task demand D) role demand 36) Writing laws to reward industries to reduce carbon emissions in an effort to combat global climate change can be best described as an example of which of the following? A) freezing a change into place B) refreezing the status quo C) unfreezing the status quo D) implementing change 37) A low self-monitoring individual would NOT tend to pursue a career as ________. A) a scientist B) an engineer C) an accountant D) an actor 38) After carefully examining the architect's plans yesterday, today Wendy has decided that she loves the new design. Which component of forming an attitude did she carry out today? A) cognitive B) informational C) behavioral D) affective 39) Which pairing is correct? A) low consistency : internal cause of behavior B) high distinctiveness : internal cause of behavior C) low distinctiveness : external cause of behavior D) high consensus : external cause of behavior 40) Which pairing is NOT correct? A) low consensus : internal cause of behavior B) low consistency : external cause of behavior C) high consensus : external cause of behavior D) low distinctiveness : external cause of behavior 41) An employee who brags about her company to friends and recommends all company products as gifts is likely to have high ________. A) job involvement B) personal commitment C) organizational commitment D) organizational citizenship 42) Different people typically have ________. A) different perceptions of the same situation B) an undistorted perception of a situation C) the same perception of a single situation D) the same perception of different situations 43) Which of the following pairs would be a good match in Holland's scheme? A) investigative: golf pro B) realistic: psychologist C) artistic: chemist D) social: coach 44) When a manager gives an employee a bonus for a job well done, which behavior-shaping method is the manager using? A) negative reinforcement B) positive reinforcement C) punishment D) extinction 45) When a young basketball player copies the free throw style of an NBA player, he or she is using his or her ________. A) reinforcement processes B) retention processes C) attentional processes D) motor reproduction processes 46) When you stand at attention during the playing of the national anthem, you are revealing which component of your attitude toward your country? A) metacognitive B) affective C) behavioral D) cognitive 47) Group cohesiveness is largely a measure of how ________. A) attainable the group's goals are B) much the group's goals match organizational goals C) much individuals share the group's goals D) clear the group's goals are 48) Low cohesiveness combined with a strong alignment between group goals and organizational goals typically results in this. A) a moderate productivity increase B) no productivity change C) a small productivity increase D) a productivity decrease 49) When the management group was determining standards and establishing how it would make decisions, it was in the ________ stage of group development. A) adjourning B) forming C) norming D) storming 50) High cohesiveness combined with a very weak alignment between group goals and organizational goals typically results in this. A) a small productivity increase B) a large productivity increase C) a productivity decrease D) no productivity change 51) During the storming stage of group development, high levels of conflict ________. A) are never a factor in group effectiveness B) are necessary for group cohesiveness C) can contribute to group effectiveness D) increase group cohesiveness 52) A group that has gone through the norming stage of the group development process ________. A) never returns to the storming stage B) may return to the forming or storming stage C) never returns to the forming stage D) always returns to the storming stage 53) Which of the following would a self-managed work team be LEAST likely to do? A) implement decisions it makes B) select all projects it works on C) make decisions D) assign tasks 54) During a recent meeting, a shouting match arose between a design manager and a marketing representative about a marketing plan for a new product. This team seems to be at the ________ stage of group development. A) forming B) conflict C) norming D) storming 55) According to Herzberg, the opposite of the state of being satisfied is ________. A) an extrinsic factor B) not satisfied C) the opposite of dissatisfied D) the opposite of intrinsic 56) Maslow sees food as being on the same level of need as which of the following? A) sex B) personal safety C) self-esteem D) companionship 57) According to Herzberg, hygiene factors ________. A) help people avoid infections B) control dissatisfaction but not satisfaction C) control motivation and satisfaction D) control motivation but not satisfaction 58) Which leadership style works best with an R1 type of follower? A) selling B) participating C) telling D) delegating 59) Which quadrant of the managerial grid generally identifies the most successful leaders? A) bottom right B) top left C) top right D) bottom left 60) When two members of a team are having a personal conflict, the team leader takes on this role. A) conflict manager B) coach C) troubleshooter D) liaison 61) Which leadership style works best with an R2 type of follower? A) delegating B) selling C) participating D) telling 62) Which of the following is included in the class of contingency variables that are associated with personal characteristics of a follower? A) locus of control B) task structure C) formal authority system D) group structure 63) Jobs in a firm are quite informal. Workers are versatile and switch tasks and responsibilities depending on the situation. In Fiedler's model, this firm would be said to have ________. A) high task structure B) high position power C) good leader-member relations D) low task structure 64) The first step in Lewin's three-step description of the change process involves ________. A) changing to a new status quo B) unfreezing the status quo C) freezing the new state D) changing to a new state 65) According to Lewin, which of the following is the objective of refreezing? A) to stabilize the new situation B) to direct behavior away from the status quo C) to eliminate the need for future change D) to promote movement away from existing equilibrium 66) The "white-water rapids" metaphor sees change as ________. A) an unpleasant interruption of the normal calm B) something that must be eliminated C) the natural state of things D) an occasional occurrence 67) Employees at a company protest a change that allows an automatic answering system to answer phone inquiries, claiming that the company is becoming "depersonalized." They are most likely resisting change due to ________. A) habit B) uncertainty C) fear of losing status D) conflicts with company goals 68) The final step in Lewin's three-step description of the change process is ________. A) unfreezing the new state B) unfreezing the status quo C) freezing the new state D) changing to a new state 69) Which phenomenon in today's business climate has made the "white-water rapids" metaphor popular? A) organizations that resist change B) corporations that are too powerful C) constant and chaotic change D) reduced competition 70) Teams are increasingly popular among successful organizations because they have been found to ________. A) match the performance of individuals in every kind of task B) outperform individuals in every kind of task C) match the performance of individuals in many tasks D) outperform individuals in many tasks 71) When team members complain that they aren't being paid enough, the team has this kind of contextual problem. A) leadership and structure B) adequate resources C) performance evaluation and reward system D) climate of trust 72) A participative leadership style works well with subordinates who ________. A) have little faith in their own ability B) have an internal locus of control C) are having work group conflicts D) have an external locus of control 73) In expectancy theory, a person may have the ability to reach a certain goal but lack motivation because ________. A) the goal is too hard B) the goal is too easy C) the person has no strong desire to reach the goal D) the person's desire to reach the goal is too strong 74) In the integrated model for motivation as shown in the chapter reading, how do reinforcement theory and equity theory figure in? A) Reinforcement and equity theories do not influence motivation. B) Underrewarding results in "hungry" employees who will work harder. C) Overrewarding results in "satisfied" employees who will work harder. D) Appropriate rewards reinforce a high level of performance. 75) In a highly mechanistic organization, this approach seems to work best. A) achievement oriented B) supportive C) directive D) participative 76) When a team is considering joining forces with another team in the organization, the team leader takes on this role. A) conflict manager B) coach C) troubleshooter D) liaison 77) In equity theory, an underrewarded individual ________ the work he or she does. A) is paid fairly for B) is paid too little for C) does not complain about D) is paid too much for 78) Leaders who are looking for exceptionally high performance from subordinates might try this approach. A) achievement oriented B) participative C) supportive D) directive 79) In path-goal theory, a directive leadership style works well in a situation in which tasks are ________. A) straightforward and unambiguous B) clearly defined C) ambiguous and confusing D) highly structured 80) The integrated model for motivation as shown in the chapter reading features the following basic sequence. A) needs factors extrinsic factors individual goals B) effort performance rewards individual goals C) effort equity goals needs D) needs goals individual effort organizational goals CCI3-2-1 -Critical thinking and creative problem solving 81) How effective are behavioral interviews? A) twice as effective as ordinary interviews B) no more effective than other interviews C) less effective than other interviews D) eight times as effective as ordinary interviews 82) Few people are ever selected for a job without this. A) taking a written test B) taking a performance-simulation test C) undergoing an interview D) taking a physical test 83) During an interview, an applicant for a managerial job is confronted with role players who make the claim that they have been "harassed on the job." The applicant is then asked to deal with the complaints. What kind of selection device is being used? A) performance-simulation test B) structured interview C) high-stress interview D) behavioral interview 84) When an entire workforce threatens to go on strike to protest a work change, managers might try this method of reducing resistance to change. A) facilitation and support B) negotiation C) education and communication D) participation 85) Which of the following might be a source of stress for an employee who is very happy with her job with respect to the tasks she performs, what is expected from her, and how she is supervised? A) role overload B) task demands C) interpersonal demands D) organizational leadership 86) If several efforts between a manager and an employee for reducing resistance to change fail to allay employee fears, a manager might take him- or herself out of the process and try this. A) manipulation B) negotiation between parties C) facilitation and support D) participation 87) This is a common and effective method of establishing group norms. A) published lists of norms B) teasing C) playing of board games D) group norm websites 88) How agreeable or disagreeable team members are affects team performance, especially when ________. A) the team has more than one disagreeable member B) the team has only one disagreeable member C) the team is large D) the team is diverse 89) Which of the following is an accurate statement about transformational leaders? A) Their organizations are highly productive. B) Their organizations are not productive. C) They are poor motivators. D) Their organizations suffer from high turnover rates. 90) Interviews are valid predictors of success in the workplace if ________. A) questions are unstructured B) questions are structured C) questions are short D) the interview lasts only a few minutes 91) "Trained" charismatic leaders had workers who were ________ those who had been led by noncharismatic leaders. A) slightly less productive than B) dramatically less productive than C) more productive than D) equally productive when compared to 92) Frances begins her career working in the human resources department of a major corporation. She is asked to help ensure the organization is following the federal guidelines for employment. In an interview, Frances informs a candidate that the job is "absorbing" but its hours will be "long and grueling." Frances is conducting this kind of interview. A) behavioral B) realistic job preview C) stress D) role-playing 93) Which term is most closely associated with transformational leaders? A) inspiring B) efficient C) charming D) far-seeing 94) Which of the following is NOT a typical characteristic of a vision of the future provided by visionary leadership? A) powerful images B) nonspecific and indefinite C) clear articulation D) easy-to-understand view 95) When managers threaten to fire workers unless they agree to go along with new company policies, they are using which of the following? A) manipulation B) coercion C) negotiation D) education and communication 96) Of the six behaviors that managers focus on, which behavior typically is the most troubling to an organization? A) workplace misbehavior B) employee productivity C) organizational citizenship behavior D) absenteeism 97) A person who is experiencing cognitive dissonance might justify the dissonance if he has ________ control over his actions. A) some B) total C) little or no D) almost total 98) The primary reason for why social loafing occurs is that output contributions from ________ easily be measured. A) individuals can B) individuals cannot C) the entire group can D) the entire group cannot 99) What financial threat does sexual harassment pose to companies? A) none, because companies are insured against harassment B) enormous risk of major lawsuit settlements C) minor risk of fine D) small legal fees only 100) Dan in New York is part of a team that is creating new software for the One Laptop Per Child program. The graphic designer for Dan's team is in Uruguay. The programmers for the team are in different parts of California. The team meets by videoconference once a week. Dan's team is likely to be a ________. A) cross-functional team B) functional team C) virtual team D) work group