Finally, imagine that the researcher does not have exact sleep and reaction time data. That is, continuous data are not available for the two variables. Instead, he or she only knows if participants had slow or quick reaction times and adequate or inadequate amounts of sleep.

Enter the following dataset into SPSS, then conduct the appropriate chi square analysis to answer the questions and determine if sleep time is related to reaction time. Be sure to fully explain the rationale for your answer to each question, including evidence from the text and Learning Activity resources.

Slow Reaction Time

Quick Reaction Time

Adequate Sleep

9

5

Inadequate Sleep

6

10

1. Recall the four scales of measurement (i.e., nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio). Explain what scale of measurement is used to measure sleep time in this example. How do you know?
2. Explain what scale of measurement is used to measure reaction time. Explain how you know.
3. State whether this scenario requires a goodness of fit test or a test of independence. Explain your answer.
4. Before computing the chi square, state the null hypothesis and alternative hypothesis in words (not formulas).
5. Identify the obtained 2 using SPSS and report it in your answer document.
6. State the degrees of freedom and explain how you calculated it by hand.
7. Identify the p value using SPSS and report it in your answer document.
8. Explain whether you should retain or reject the null hypothesis and why.
9. Are the results statistically significant? How do you know?
10. Explain what you can determine about the relationship between sleep time and reaction time.