Financial performance measures are essential tools used by managers to evaluate the financial health of their organization. They provide an overview of the company's financial performance, help identify areas of improvement, and support decision making. CarniTrin is a manufacturer of Carnival costumes in a highly competitive market. The company's management team is seeking guidance on the use of financial performance measures to identify the key drivers of the company's financial performance and develop a strategy to improve it.

The following data relate to the company for the year 2019:

In its clothing division, the company has $4,000,000 invested in assets. After-tax operating income from sales of clothing in 2019 is $700,000. Income for the clothing division has grown steadily over the last few years.

The cosmetics division has $12,000,000 invested in assets and an after-tax operating income in 2019 of $1,700,000.

The weighted-average cost of capital for CarniTrin is 10% and the 2018s after-tax return on investment for each division was 15%.

The general manager of CarniTrin has asserted that in future, managers should have their compensation structure aligned with their performance measures with no fixed salaries. However, the general manager has told the manager of each division that the better division in 2019will get a bonus

Question

Return on investment (ROI), residual income (RI), and economic-value added (EVA) are performance measures for subunit managers. Discuss the relative merit of these performance measures?