fix flow: The article, "The Underside of the 'Great Resignation'" by Mene Ukueberuwa explores the persistent decline in labor force participation decades before the COVID-19 pandemic. Nicholas Eberstadt, in "Men Without Work," highlights the long-term decline among prime-age men and women and reinforces its start well before the pandemic. The pandemic has intensified labor market issues, with many individuals hesitant to return to work due to health concerns and vaccine mandates, despite economic recovery and numerous job openings. Male labor force participation has consistently declined after recessions and has not fully recovered during economic upturns since the post-war era, dropping from 96.9% in 1961 to 88.2% in November 2021. Women's participation peaked in 2000 and has slightly declined since, despite a decrease in traditional factors like marriage and childbearing