For each of the following situations, consider its ethical implications and incorporate two ethical theories(from the Picture Attached) noting any additional information you might need in order to resolve the situation if you think that is necessary.

1. A patient requests treatment that the healthcare professional considers futile or non-beneficial.
2. A healthcare professional discloses a colleague's error.
3. Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) Order is written without the agreement of the patient or substitute decision maker.
4. A Jehovah's Witness patient refuses administration of blood products as religiously contraindicated.
5. A patient expresses a wish to die and requests an overdose of medication.

Major Ethical Theories There are two dominant trends of thought: consequentialist (of which utilitarianism is the most well-known) and deontological ethics. These are often used to justify or explain the duties involved in, for example, informed consent. There is a trend in medical ethics to examine issues in context and to avoid dependence on general abstract rules and rights. Consequentialist Ethics This theory of ethics focuses on the consequences of actions. In effect, the duty is \"right\" (i.e., it is the \"right\" thing to do) if the consequences are \"right.\" Utilitarianism is the most well-known form of consequentialist ethics. According to this theory, one should act in order to maximize the greatest good or happiness for the greatest number of people. The strengths of this position include the fact that how people are actually affected by what occurs reects our intuition that people should be treated as being of equal moral worth. Its weaknesses include the fact that there seems to be no consideration for the particularities of individuals, for their special relationships or personal projects. As one example, consequentialism would allow one individual to be permitted to cease to live if the act of the cessation of life were assessed to have greater utility for society than would the lack of such action. Critics of this ethical theory often focus on what they consider the hedonistic quality of equating utility with pleasure. Utilitarianism would have the relevant utility values for all people affected by an action calculated, and then action would proceed according to a calculation of the relevant balances. Deontological Ethics Deontological ethics originate in the Greek word \"W' meaning \"duty\": a duty which one thinks should be universally applied to all is mandatory regardless of the consequences. This theory does not direct us to assess particular details of people or situations. Deontological rules hold unless good reason exists to act otherwise. Critics say this theory seems to produce some counterintuitive results