For each of the following situations, indicate whether ANOVA is appropriate; if not appropriate, the reason why not; and, if appropriate, the type of ANOVA that would be used (i.e., one-way, repeated measures, etc.)

a.The IVs are ethnicity (Asian, White, African American, Hispanic) and gender (male vs female); the DV is serum cholesterol levels.

b.The IV is smoking status - smokers vs non-smokers; the DV is a health-related hardiness score, measured on a 20-item scale.

c.The IV is maternal breast feeding status (breastfeeds daily vs doesn't breastfeed); the DV is a maternal bonding with infant score, measured on a 20-item scale.

d.The IV is length of gestation (preterm vs term vs postterm) using the same multiple birth mothers over time; the DV is blood pressure 10 minutes post delivery.