For each of the scenarios provided below, please determine whether a paired sample test or an independent sample test is appropriate for analysis:

a. Compare the effectiveness of two medications for lowering blood pressure in two separate groups of patients.

b. Assess the effectiveness of two treatments for reducing anxiety symptoms by comparing anxiety levels within a group of patients before and after treatment.

c. Analyze the efficiency of two different transportation routes by comparing travel times between two groups of travelers.

d. Investigate the effectiveness of a new memory enhancement technique by comparing memory test scores of individuals before and after implementing the technique within the same group.

e. Investigate the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss by comparing weight measurements of two distinct groups of participants.