for recording. 9. Which of the following dividends do not reduce stockholders' equity? a. Property dividends b. Small stock dividends c. Cash dividends d. Liquidating dividends 10. Which of the following is a characteristic of a defined-contribution pension plan? a. The employee's benefit after retirement is based on a formula. $10 per b. The benefits to be received by employees are usually determined by an employee's three highest years of salary defined by the terms of the plan. c. The benefit of gain or the risk of loss from the assets contributed to the pension fund is borne by the employee. d. The accounting for a defined-contribution plan is complex